Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic, multi-system metabolic disorder which gives rise to ernestful ocular complications. Cataract is believed to be the second most common of these complications, next to diabetic retinopathy, and it poses special challenges to the surgeon both in terms of management and post-operative outcomes. Materials and methods: This was a comparative, prospective, interventional study to assess and compare preoperative and postoperative central macular thickness at weeks 1 and 12 after uncomplicated cataract surgery among 50 well-controlled diabetic subjects with no evidence of diabetic retinopathy and 50 non-diabetic subjects, using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT).