Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death globally and comprises one of the most lethal groups of non-communicable disorders worldwide. The World Health Organization (World Health Organization) estimates that 17.9 million people die from cardiovascular disease (2018). Bypass procedures and blood vessel replacement using a graft are options that have high therapeutic value for coronary disorders.Small diameter (<6 mm) vascular grafts are used primarily in revascularization and reconstructive vascular surgical procedures. The most commonly used graft is an autologous vein or artery.This graft was used among 519,000 heart bypass operations performed annually in the United States, with an estimate of about 800,000 in the world (Baim, 2003). However, venous grafts in coronary bypass grafts become blocked over time due to accelerated atherosclerotic changes with a 10-year patency of 50%, postoperatively