Background: Thrombocytopenia is one of the most important haematological manifestation of many infections which may present as acute febrile illness. As per the WHO (World Health Organisation) case definition criteria, a case of acute febrile illness(AFI)(1) is defined as any individual with fever for at least 2days; or temperature on admission of 38.5C or greater; with no identified cause of fever, such as diarrhea or pneumonia; or suspected of having typhoid fever or brucellosis, as defined by WHO