European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Background: A potentially lethal condition is known as venous thromboembolism (VTE), which includes pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). To determine the effectiveness of pharmacological prophylaxis against PE or DVT (Pulmonary Embolism). To ascertain the prevalence of DVT (Deep Venous Thrombosis) or PE (Pulmonary Embolism) despite prevention. On the subject, relatively few studies from India have been published, and nothing is known about the true prevalence of the disorder. Due to a sharp rise in the number of joint replacement surgeries, the topic has recently taken on more importance among Indian people. Regarding the prophylaxis for VTE in Indian patients, there are no precise recommendations.
Materials and Methods: In order to investigate the prevalence of DVT, we designed and carried out a prospective study. The current study comprised a total of fifty patients who had undergone THR, TKR, or HRA. The duplex ultra-sonography was performed on each of the patients between the seventh day and the third week of postoperative day. As a preventative measure against deep vein thrombosis (DVT), all patients received subcutaneous Enoxaparin 40 mg once day for 5 days and Asprin for 4 weeks.
Results: Only two patients or four percent of the total, revealed sonographic evidence of distal asymptomatic DVT, and both of those patients' symptoms went away on their own without any treatment. During the follow-up scan, there was no evidence of proximal DVT propagation, and there were also no incidences of pulmonary embolism.
Conclusion: DVT in patients who have undergone THR, TKR, or HRA is not nearly as common as it is reported to be in the Western medical literature. It is essential to maintain a high level of suspicion, in addition to close clinical surveillance. In our society, deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is hardly an unheard-of condition. Although low molecular weight heparin is a safe medicine, it appears that the risk of bleeding problems is higher than what is described in Western medical literature. In the future, it will be necessary to conduct additional trials that involve a greater number of patients and take place at many centres in order to corroborate the findings of our study and evaluate the actual efficacy and safety of LMWH.

Introduction: Cerebral venous thrombosis is a relatively uncommon disorder which has
an estimated annual incidence between two to seven cases per million in the general
population. 1 The incidence was likely underestimated before the advent of prompt noninvasive
imaging methods. It is estimated that five to eight cases per year might be seen
at a referral centre. Cerebral venous thrombosis or occlusion by extrinsic compression
that eventually progresses to a complete occlusion is an elusive diagnosis because of its
non-specific presentation and its numerous predisposing causes which can precipitate
the condition. It often affects young and middle-aged patients which more commonly
involved in women. It is an uncommon cause of cerebral infarction relative to arterial
disease which is an important consideration because of its potential morbidity. The
imaging characteristics of CVT that can be observed through MRI include: (1) brain
parenchymal imaging that appears in the form of non-specific lesions, such as
intracerebral hemorrhages or infarcts, edema, isolated or associated with infarcts or
hemorrhages, and it can even be considered normal in about 30% of patients.9 MRV
features include non-visualization of the arterial & venous vessels (i.e., no flow), flow
defect and presence of collaterals at the site of occlusion.

from this article we see that why COVID-19 causes thrombosis, A thrombus is a mixture of platelets, erythrocytes and fibrin protein, which begin to accumulate on the wall of the damaged vessel. gradually it thickens and hardens, but in general it resembles a viscous substance, similar to jelly,it can be unambiguously stated that with this virus, from the very beginning, there is an activation of hemostasis, intravascular blood coagulation and thrombus formation in small-caliber vessels of vital organs. In this case, not only the lungs are damaged, but the blockade of microcirculation and its irreversible nature determine the outcome of the disease.

Evans syndrome is a rare autoimmune disorder with an unknown etiology. In this paper, we report the case of a 32-year-old Saudi woman living with Evans syndrome for more than 8 years (post-splenectomy) who was also diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). She was admitted to our Hospital with severe headache and confusion due to cerebral venous thrombosis. The major hematologic manifestations of SLE were pancytopenia and the antiphospholipid syndrome, which are indicators of disease activity when all other possible causes are excluded. The patient was treated with anticoagulation and immunosuppressive therapy and subsequently showed significant improvements in thrombosis, thrombocytopenia, and anemia. This case report provides an overview of the association between Evan syndrome and SLE.