European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Dental caries has a lasting detrimental impact on dentition.  Early childhood caries is a serious problem in both developing as well as industrialized countries.  It is characterized as early onset and rapid progression. Preventive measures help to reduce their spread but they are only effective when parents and caregivers follow the preventive measures as described. Management of decayed teeth requires professional treatment to remove infection and restore tooth function. This review article gives in-depth knowledge about various aspects of early childhood caries.

For many years, the connection between endodontic and periodontal disorders has been the focus of conjecture, misunderstanding, and debate. More than 50% of nonvitality of teeth today are caused by pulpal and periodontal issues. A pathogenesis for an endo perio lesion can range from being pretty basic to being fairly complex. When it comes to diagnosing and predicting the prognosis of the afflicted teeth, these lesions frequently cause difficulties for the doctor. Making the right diagnosis is crucial for determining the best course of treatment. The doctor should have a good awareness and scientific knowledge of these lesions in order to provide an accurate diagnosis. To treat these lesions, restorative, endoontic, or periodontal therapy may be required, either separately or in combination. In order to get the best results, this presentation will highlight the diagnostic, clinical guidelines, and decision-making processes in the treatment of these lesions from an endodontist's perspective.

The objective of the study was to study the various causes, incidences and clinical features of small bowel perforations and various surgical procedures and it’s the outcome.
Methods: The present study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery for the period of 2 years and all the patients of small bowel perforation of both sexes and of different ages was included. 50 patients were included in the study. The protocol was reviewed and approved by the ethics committees of this institution. Patients were included after taking their informed consent for the study.
Results: In the present study, majority of the patients (36%) were of age group 36-45 followed by (28%) 26-36 age groups. There were 40 (80%) males as compared to females 10 (20%). In this study, 35 cases (70%) of perforation were due to peptic ulcers. Next order cases due to trauma consist of 10 cases (20%). Tubercular perforation was seen in 2 patients (4%), and due to Crohn’s disease, only 1 case was found. Typhoid perforation was seen in 1 case. Malignant perforation was in 1 case (2%) which was found to be gastrointestinal stromal tumours after histopathological examination. In this study, free peritoneal fluid was found in 43 cases (86%). Free gas in the peritoneal cavity was found in 40 cases (80%) due to third space fluid collection and escape of bowel gas into the peritoneum, respectively. Mesenteric lymphadenitis and thickened omentum were found in 2 cases (4%) due to tuberculosis and malignancy.
Conclusion: Duodenal perforation is the most common cause of small intestinal peforation. Smoking and consumption of alcohol & NSAIDS are the most important risk factors for small bowel perforation. Patients mainly presented with abdominal pain and distension with features of peritonitis. X-ray abdomen suggested of pneumoperitoneum in most of the patients. Resuscitation followed by closure of perforation with omental patch was the most common management procedure done.

The American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) recognizes that providing both primary andcomprehensive preventive and therapeutic oral health care to individuals with special health care needs (SHCN)is an integral part of the specialty of pediatric dentistry. Oral health care is the most common unmet need in the children with special needs.The dental condition of children with special health care needs (SHCN) may be directly or indirectlyassociated with their disabilities. Children with SHCN relatively have poor oral hygiene and increased prevalence of gingivaldiseases and dental caries. Parents of disabled children may face problems in providing dental treatment to their children as they might have theburden of medical treatment. The management of children with special health care needs(SHCN) requires specialized knowledge and training, increased awareness, accommodative measures, and resources.

Coccydynia is a common condition that is often self-limited and mild. Although the vast majority of patients who seek medical attention respond to conservative treatments, some patients require more aggressive treatments. In these cases, the etiology of the coccydynia may be complex and multifactorial. A multidisciplinary approach employing physical therapy, ergonomic adaptations, medications (NSAIDs), injections, and, possibly, psychotherapy leads to the greatest chance of success in these patients. Surgical coccygectomy generally is not recommended, and although different surgical techniques are emerging, more research is needed before their efficacy can be established.

Background and Objectives:  To evaluate the prevalence of bile duct as well as other biliary system injuries resulting after cholecystectomy in our hospital, along with the factors that contribute to the injuries and the way they are treated.
Methods: All patients between 2019 and 2021 who had an iatrogenic biliary tract injury underwent a prospective analysis. Gender, age, the presence of abnormal anatomy (extra-hepatic bile duct and vascular anatomy), the presence of gall stone pancreatitis, acute cholecystitis or cholangitis, the time between cholecystectomy and recognition of biliary tract injury, the time from injury to definite management, the type of injury, and the mode of management, such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiography, are all relevant factors for injuries sustained
Results: Injury to the bile duct occurred 2.52% of the time. Patients undergoing cholecystectomy for cholecystitis lasting longer than 72 hours tended to suffer from the majority of bile duct damage. The likelihood of bile duct injury was enhanced by elements including acute cholecystitis, cholangitis, and choledocholithiasis. Most of the injuries were discovered right after surgery. The most frequent site of injury was the common hepatic duct. The majority of BDI cases were treated with a final repair, which was aided by radiological treatments like ERCP and stenting.
Conclusion: Because of the steep learning curve of laparoscopic surgery, bile duct injury rates have been found to be higher in our institution during cholecystectomy. The best chance of recovery is provided by early detection, repair, and a multidisciplinary strategy

Introduction : Breast cancer is by far one of the most frequent cancer in female, both in developed and developing regions. Early diagnosis and treatment will reduce the morbidity and mortality of the disease and thus it prolongs the survival of the patient. Aim of the  study is to assess  the various type of clinical and pathological patterns of presentation of operable carcinoma breast cases in local region.
Methods: This was a  Retrospective analytical  study of 200 cases of Breast Carcinoma. Relevant clinical features like age, parity ,  laterality of the tumor, mode of presentation, history of breast cancer in 1^st degree relative, fixity of the tumor and skin, and nipple-areola changes were assessed. Size, number, and location of tumor in mastectomy specimens were noted macroscopically. Microscopically, histological type, histological grade  lymphatic and blood vessel invasion, and lymph node involvement were evaluated.
Results: Most of the patient belongs to 41-50 years age group. 61% were  presented with left-sided breast Cancer. 52% presented with UOQ lump, 57%  presented with 2-5cms² sized tumor. Maximum patients complain of Lump and Pain .Around 91% of the patients Histopathological report  showed Invasive Ductal Carcinoma. Mostly were  histological grade 3 tumors with Lympho-vascular invasion  was identified in 28%. Lymph nodes were involved in  54% cases. 41% of the patient were of  stage II B, followed by 22% with stage II A.
Conclusion: Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), not otherwise specified (NOS), is the most common histologic type. Its frequency of occurrence far exceeds that of the other histological types. Most commonly affected age group by breast cancer is 41-50 years, and most of the patients are from post-menopausal age group. Size of the mass was more than 2 cm involving multiple quadrants of breast and with positive lymph nodes. Histologically, grade 3 tumor is most prevalent in study population. Stage II A & II B Comprise maximum patients . 

Most people spend half of their lives indoors, which has a significant impact on their mental health, behavior, skills, and productivity. A better working climate is thought to result in better results and increased efficiency. Employee morale would increase as a result of a more pleasant physical working climate. This study aims to look into the causes and consequences of employee disputes at work in the textile industry, as well as how they can be harmful with serious implications in terms of reduced productivity, and to provide potential solutions. While conducting research, primary data was collected from textile industry executives, managers, and lower-level managers. The primary data was collected using the questionnaire methodology as a study method. To assess the relationship between variables, Crocbatch alpha, chi-square, and descriptive statistical tests were used. The findings of the study showed that the attitude variable had a major influence, while the contact and HR policies variables had a slight impact. The study's findings showed that the attitude variable had a highly significant impact, while the contact and HR Policies variables also had significant effects. Employees who are physically and mentally fit will be more motivated to work, and their morale will improve. Furthermore, a good working climate can help to reduce absenteeism and thereby improve employee productivity, which contributes to improved workplace productivity. According to the report, management should strengthen its conflict management methods (bargaining, agreement, and forcing) because it increases employee efficiency.

Background: A good understanding of the clinico-pathological presentation and treatment of solitary thyroid nodules is crucial since they might signify a variety of thyroid diseases. In light of this, the current study aims to assess the clinico-pathological presentation and care of a single thyroid nodule at Krishna Rajendra Hospital in Mysore.
Methods: During the 18-month period from January 2011 to July 2012, 55 patients with clinically determined solitary thyroid nodules were enrolled in this prospective study. They were admitted to the Department of Surgery at K R Hospital, which is affiliated with MMC & RI, Mysore. All patients underwent a thyroid profile, USG, FNAC, and histo-pathological evaluated, operated, and were properly followed up.
Results: The majority of cases 43(78%) of solitary nodule thyroid presented between the third and fifth decade. These cases were more prevalent in women (89.1%) and were in a euthyroid state (95% ). The swelling in front of the neck was the most typical symptom, and the highest symptom duration was 1-2 years. There were 27 cases of thyroid nodules in the left lobe and 28 cases in the right lobe of the thyroid gland. The majority of the patients 31(56.4%) presented with sizes between 3 and 5 cm. MNG (33%), follicular adenoma (25%), and adenomatous goiter (25%) were its most frequent causes. Most of these were benign (89%) with Incidence of malignancy was about 10.9%. The most common malignancy was papillary carcinoma (67%), followed by follicular carcinoma(33%) Male to female ratio in case of malignant nodule was 1:5. Incidence of carcinoma in males presenting as thyroid nodule was higher 1 out of 6 (16.67%) compared to that of females 5 out of 49 (10.20%). FNAC was an important investigation in the evaluation, Surgery had been the treatment of choice in most of the cases and Transient hypocalcemia was common after total thyroidectomy for malignancies.
Conclusion: Solitary thyroid nodules are more common in women, especially in the age range of 20 to 50 years. They typically present with neck swelling, last for one to two years, and have a nodule in the right thyroid lobe that is between 3 and 5 cm in size, in a euthyroid state, and for the most part, benign in nature. Multi-nodular goitre was the most frequent cause, Papillary carcinoma is the most prevalent thyroid cancer, and surgery had been the preferred course of action.

Clinical examination should be systematic and take account of the nature of the lump and, if present, any skin dimpling or change in contour of the breast and also assessment of the axilla for presence of axillary nodes. Breast abnormalities should be evaluated by triple assessment including clinical examination, imaging (mammography and ultrasound) and tissue sampling done either fine needle aspiration cytology or core biopsy. This study was conducted on all the clinically diagnosed cases of breast cancer in elderly women aged above 60, who will undergo treatment based on clinicopathological diagnosis of breast cancer. Data collected after obtaining written informed consent. Among 50 patients, 23(46%) patients took adjuvant chemotherapy. 5(10%) patients took both adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy. 4(8%) patients took only radiotherapy. 17(14%) patients did not take any adjuvant therapy.

The availability of different vaccines plays a crucial role in bringing the COVID-19 pandemic to a standstill. All the vaccines with two initial and a booster dose have reduced the mortality rate and do not elicit serious symptoms or illness. However, the clinical trials on different vulnerable populations are still not reliable. In particular, COVID-19 patients belonging to the diabetic population exhibited higher morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the prioritization of vaccination for these populations may reduce further complications. Yet, the hesitancy toward vaccines hinders the process of vaccination campaigns. Hence, this review focuses on the availability of different vaccines against COVID-19 and their role in eradicating previous epidemics. The effect of this vaccination on the diabetic group and the management of chronic illness have been emphasized.

Aim:To compare the platelet-rich plasma therapy and corticosteroid injection in themanagement of planter fasciitis.
Methods: The prospective clinical trial was carried out at the Department of Orthopaedics. The research involved 40 patients who were randomly assigned to one of two groups: PRP (n=20) or Steroid (n=20). 25-27 ml of blood was taken from the cubital vein and deposited in a glass tube with 3 ml of citrate dextrose solution to make platelet-rich plasma (ratio 9:1). To avoid clotting, a citrate dextrose solution was utilised. For 10-13 minutes, the blood was centrifuged at 3300 rpm. The top buffy coat yielded 3ml of PRP preparation.
Results: In the steroid and PRP groups, the mean initial or pre injection VAS and AOFAS scores were 8.1±1.9, 60.37±9.58 and 8.9±2.6, 62.57±9.87, respectively, and were similar (0.15 and 0.22). Following injection, the score improved significantly in each group at each follow-up; however, no significant difference could be detected between the two groups at the 1 VAS (4.4±2.5 vs 3.5±0.88), AOFAS (79.89±9.74 vs 81.11±8.74), 3 VAS (2.6±0. 21 VS 2.1±0.78), AOFAS (84.15±10.55 VS 86.99±10.67) and 6-month VAS (2.1±0.85 VS 1.6±0.45, AOFA.
Conclusion: We found that steroid or PRP injection therapy for plantar fasciitis is equally effective.

Lumbar disc herniation is the most common cause of lumbar radiculopathy. Most commonly seen in adult population 20-50 years of age, most common site of occurrence is L4-L5 and L5 and S1evels. Non-operative management of this condition may include physical therapy, anti-inflammatory medications, and epidural steroid injections. After the patient’s informed consent was obtained, 150 patients with lumbar disc prolapse were subjected to epidural steroid infiltration out of which 101 underwent IL procedure and 49 underwent TF epidural steroid injections under the fluoroscopic guidance according to surgeon’s preference. As per our study it was inferred that 83.3% patients had moderate OD score following surgery at the end of 6 months whereas 74.6% patients had mild OD score following only epidural steroid which was also found to be statistically significant.

In this article, the favorable conditions created for the development of public-private partnership in the field of preschool education have become a solid foundation for further increasing the number of non-governmental preschool institutions and expanding the range of services they provide. At the same time, the analysis considered the mechanisms for providing children with preschool education, filling preschool institutions with modern teaching materials and literature, qualified teachers and reforming the management system. One of the important conditions for this is the further improvement of the pre-school education system, ensuring equal access to quality pre-school education for children, the development of the private sector of pre-school education services, as well as Mechanisms for the development of scientifically based conclusions and recommendations on the implementation of measures set out in Resolution No. 3955.

Corona Virus or SARS-CoV-2 or Covid-19 virus has disrupted the world like nothing else humanity has seen. It has brought about an unprecedented health crises that we only heard about in books. Every country was found wanting in preparation to fight the attack. With no treatment in sight, the only solution scientists started working on was to make a vaccine to prevent infection. Vaccine development history shows at best 10 years in the making. In a rare worldwide cooperation of best minds of the world, this feat was achieved in 10 months. Humanity will never forget the year 2020 which brought a crises and the human spirit to find solution to it.
The main objective of this study is to look at the scenario post vaccine discovery and approval. The disease being so contagious, has to be curbed by vaccinating the entire population. This is not an easy task as it involves mind boggling efforts on part of government authorities who are directly concerned with public health. For a vast and highly populated country, it is even more complicated. The study examines the major challenges in vaccinating the billion plus Indian population. Availability of skilled manpower, a weak healthcare infrastructure, delivery logistics, cost of the vaccine, and spread of misinformation are some of the most important challenges that have emerged out of this study.

The role of digitalization reflects transformative solutions to social pressure, economy, politics, environment, and others, forcing the government as one that runs public organizations to be involved in it. Digitalization is required to be able to embrace all aspects of the public, one of which is the aspect of employment. The Regional Civil Service Agency innovation system of East Java Province is an implication of the Human Resources Management information system in realizing a merit system under the mandate of Law number 5 of 2014. This research aims to describe digitalization theory, human resource and capital management, and merit systems This is library research. Data are collected from supporting books related to digitalization theory, human resource management, human capital resources, and merit systems. Data sources are journals, papers, theses, dissertations, and internet searches. Based on the results, this study argues that in digitizing services it is necessary to take measurements as Mergel, Edelmann, and Haug theory which include reasons for the digital transformation of objects, process, and results. The government needs to accommodate services in digital form so that aspects of service can be carried out effectively and efficiently.

Alternaria solani is considered as the weed of field because of its wide adaptability under various field conditions. It causes numerous diseases to various plants and even causes huge economic loss to the farmers every year. Various techniques have been used to control this pathogen under various conditions from cultural to chemical management, certainly there is more hope for better results from these techniques. Hence by this we review various techniques that have been used by the management of this pathogen and what will be the future aspects for the management under field conditions. We have considered most of the techniques that have been currently used for the management by various researchers and they have got tremendous results. Various new techniques have been listed which provides better results viz., homeopathy and plant extracts.

Lefort classification is the historic classification which is widely used to classify mid facial fractures. The lefort classification was given by Rene Lefort ,who classified mid facial fracture into Lefort I , II and III. Lefort 2 fracture is referred as ‘ PYRAMIDAL or SUBZYGOMATIC FRACTURE .’ Lefort 2 is a floating maxilla which runs from the thin middle area of the nasal bones down either side , crossing the frontal processes of the maxilla into the medial wall of each orbit . Within the orbit , the fracture line runs across the lacrimal bone behind the lacrimal sac to cross the infra orbital margin medial to or through the infra orbital foramen . Extends downwards & backwards across the lateral wall of the antrum below the zygomaticomaxillary suture & divides the ptyergyoid laminae .Le fort fractures are blunt trauma facial fractures which involves specific pattern of facial bones injury. Pterygoid process of sphenoid bones is involved in all Le fort fractures. Lefort fractures are classified further depending upon the involvement of zygomatic, nasal and maxillary bones. Blunt facial traumas due to motor vehicle collision, assault, falls or sports injury are the most common causes. In our case, Le fort 2 fracture resulted from motor vehicle collision.

Background: Cataract is the leading cause of blindness worldwide. Out of them traumatic cataract is a common variant occurring in the spectrum of ocular trauma. It is a significant prerequisite of monocular blindness worldwide. Timely management and early intervention are essential in view of traumatic cataract. Different types of lenses such as anterior chamber intraocular lens and posterior chamber intraocular lens, scleral fixated intraocular lens can be used in the management of traumatic cataract. This study will be conducted to find out the correlation between different types of intraocular lenses used in cataract surgery and their potential role in the visual outcome of the patient and meanwhile considering factors such as type of trauma, amount of time interval between trauma and surgery, preoperative and postoperative complications etc. 
Objectives:
1.To know modes of presentation and different injuries causing traumatic cataract.
2.To assess the visual outcome of the patients post traumatic cataract surgery using different types of intraocular lenses.
3. To study the complications occurring in patients undergoing traumatic cataract surgery.
Methods: This study will be conducted in Acharya Vinoba Bhave Hospital, Sawangi (Meghe) associated to Datta Meghe institute of Medical sciences, Wardha, it will be a hospital based Interventional Cross sectional study with a sample size of 40 patients. Clinical history will be taken and Comprehensive ophthalmic examination, including best corrected visual acuity (Snellens chart), slit lamp, IOP measurement (applanation tonometer) and fundoscopy (slit lamp biomicroscopy with 90 D, indirect and direct ophthalmoscopy) and B- scan, IOL power calculation by SRK-T formula will be performed. Following which the patients will under undergo cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation. Final visual outcome will be assessed by the end of 6 weeks. 3 follow ups will be there after first day, first week and sixth week.
Expected Results: The main objective of this study will be to assess the improvement in visual outcome of each of the 40 patients suffering from traumatic cataract by the use of different types of intraocular lenses depending upon the situation they present in. Studies conducted in the past have shown a considerable improvement in the visual outcome of the patients with the use of different types of intraocular lenses.

Pluralism is the character of Indonesia as a nation, this has produced nationalism to be a
unifying symbol of social life in Indonesia. All elements of the nation cannot prioritize the ego as
one of the dominant entities, both state institutions, and existing community groups. The love of
homeland must be instilled in every move, step, and policy adopted to maintain the integrity of
Indonesia as an independent and sovereign nation. Thus, the goal of the nation will be realized
for the creation of prosperity for all Indonesian. The presence of SOE (State Owned Enterprises)
as a State company bears great hopes for the Indonesian prosperity. Thus, SOE must be able to
become a pillar of the nation's economy and drive the economy for private businesses and
cooperatives. In carrying out the mandate of the constitution, SOE management must receive
support from all elements of the nation, its existence must be protected as a national vital object
that has a great impact on the life of the nation and state. The negative stigma that appears to
SOE entities should be able to be a whip for SOEs to be able to continue to look for the best

This review discusses the pathophysiology, epidemiology, risk factors, classification, clinical evaluation, and current non-operative and operative treatment of hemorrhoids. Hemorrhoids are defined as the symptomatic enlargement and distal displacement of the normal anal cushions. The most common symptom of hemorrhoids is rectal bleeding associated with bowel movement. The abnormal dilatation and distortion of the vascular channel, together with destructive changes in the supporting connective tissue within the anal cushion, is a paramount finding of hemorrhoids. It appears that the dysregulation of the vascular tone and vascular hyperplasia might play an important role in hemorrhoidal development, and could be a potential target for medical treatment. In most instances, hemorrhoids are treated conservatively, using many methods such as lifestyle modification, fiber supplement, suppository-delivered anti-inflammatory drugs, and administration of venotonic drugs. Non-operative approaches include sclerotherapy and, preferably, rubber band ligation. An operation is indicated when non-operative approaches have failed or complications have occurred. Several surgical approaches for treating hemorrhoids have been introduced including hemorrhoidectomy and stapled hemorrhoidopexy, but postoperative pain is invariable. Some of the surgical treatments potentially cause appreciable morbidity such as anal stricture and incontinence. The applications and outcomes of each treatment are thoroughly discussed.

understudies that endures all through life. Training is sorted out by
giving models, building self discipline, and building up understudies' innovativeness in the
learning procedure. Training is completed by building up a culture of perusing, composing and
math for all residents. Instruction is completed by enabling all segments of society through
support in the organization and quality control of instructive administrations. In the
administration of the national instruction framework, the party in question is the president, while
the operationalization of the board by the president is alloted to the service or clergyman

Some pesantren (Islamic boarding schools) in Indonesia have programs focusing on Tahfidzul Al-Qur'an. The problem that arises in the program is the learning process, like the inadequacy of the methods used in the management of learning Tahfidz Al-Qur'an. This study aims to describe planning, organizing, implementing, monitoring, supporting and inhibiting factors, as well as the results achieved in the learning management of Tahfidz Al-Qur'an. This research method uses a descriptive-qualitative approach through interview techniques, observation and documentation or copying in collecting data. The results of this study show that the planning in Tahfidzul Qur'an program at the Boarding School is carried out with four stages of selection, organizing by determining tasks and mechanisms in the learning process, implementation is marked by the learning process of memorizing the Qur'an, by monitoring the progress of memorizing Al-Qur'an by the santri via the monitoring book and the presence list of santri. The supporting factor comes from the boarding school environment, while the inhibiting factor is the lack of consistency of the students in memorizing the Tahfidz al-Qur'an. The success achieved by the Tahfidz Al-Qur'an program in Islamic boarding schools can be seen from the results of the achievements of the competition Tahfidz Al-Qur'an at various levels and competitions.

Some pesantren (Islamic boarding schools) in Indonesia have programs focusing on Tahfidzul Al-Qur'an. The problem that arises in the program is the learning process, like the inadequacy of the methods used in the management of learning Tahfidz Al-Qur'an. This study aims to describe planning, organizing, implementing, monitoring, supporting and inhibiting factors, as well as the results achieved in the learning management of Tahfidz Al-Qur'an. This research method uses a descriptive-qualitative approach through interview techniques, observation and documentation or copying in collecting data. The results of this study show that the planning in Tahfidzul Qur'an program at the Boarding School is carried out with four stages of selection, organizing by determining tasks and mechanisms in the learning process, implementation is marked by the learning process of memorizing the Qur'an, by monitoring the progress of memorizing Al-Qur'an by the santri via the monitoring book and the presence list of santri. The supporting factor comes from the boarding school environment, while the inhibiting factor is the lack of consistency of the students in memorizing the Tahfidz al-Qur'an. The success achieved by the Tahfidz Al-Qur'an program in Islamic boarding schools can be seen from the results of the achievements of the competition Tahfidz Al-Qur'an at various levels and competitions.

The investigation has been undertaken in order to study the study habits of Enginering students and to check whether there is any significant difference in study habits of male and female Engineering students and also to find out whether there is any significant difference in study habits of Engineering students studying in Govt. and private management of Jorhat district. A representative sample of 200 Engineering students for this purpose have been selected by using simple random sampling techniques. Descriptive survey method has been used for the present study. Self made questionnaire made by the investigator was used to collect data. Simple percentage, t-test statistical technique was used to analysis the collected data. It has been found from the study that Engineering students have a good habit of study. They read magazines/journals which is related to their course content and help for the development of their career and also suit their interest. They surf internet for different purpose including educational. They also prefer to read books on various items i,e novel, poem, short stories, books on science and technology etc. The study indicate that female Engineering students acquire good habit of study and the Engineering students studying in private management has a better habit of study than the Engineering students study in Govt. management.

While healthcare experiences an economic slowdown, demanding job conditions, imminent leadership retirements and expected staff vacancies are critical, initiatives are being introduced to maintain efficient leadership and optimum patient results. However, there is still a gap in whatever is known about the relationship among nursing leadership and outcomes of the patient. Published study papers in English only which analysed nurses' leadership activities in formal leadership roles and patient results were chosen from 5 online bibliographic databases. For all including research, qualitative analyses, data retrieval and interpretation were performed. A total of 15 research met and maintained our inclusion requirements. Present research supports associations between optimistic forms of collaborative leadership and improved patient interaction and reduced patient mortality, drug failures, lack of restriction and hospital-acquired infection. The results record proof of a favourable association between relational leadership and a range of outcomes for patients, while prospective research of leadership models that explore processes of effect on outcomes is warranted. Efforts by organisations and people to build expertise in change and partnerships improve corporate approaches for optimizing patient care. The goal was to explain the results of a longitudinal research analysis investigating the connection between the activities of nursing leadership and the experiences of patients.

This research article proposes a model of management based on the methodology that the Infrastructure Library of Information Technologies (ITIL) raises through the life cycle of the service. In the development of this investigation, areas, groups interdisciplinary and tools that satisfy the problem of complex relationship between business and technology. As part of the methodology of this study, a bibliographic inquiry was carried out and analyzed operational experiences of the object of study, which were related to the alternatives and disciplines that the ITIL methodology proposes. As a result of the investigation, a model of management that relates areas, groups, roles

The Management of over-worked and focused in on human asset is attempting in like manner, dangerous undertaking for the current bosses and the heads. The two supervisors and their subordinates need to acclimate to business related load during the time spent using the accessible human asset for boosting advantage and confining expenses. This weight if not controlled can affect the individual's family/public development, flourishing, execution, and so forth and can change the representative's entire manner towards work; disappointing, de empowering and upsetting him/her which over the long haul is adversarial to both the connection and the authority. The heaviness of bit by bit living, particularly as the strain to manage mounts, impacts everybody, expertly similarly as in each and every area of a person's life. In this paper, various factors affecting the Psychological stress were discussed

The main aim of this review article is to provide information about Dentin Hypersensitivity(DH). Dentin Hypersensitivity ,a common condition of the teeth, characterized by short sharp pain arising from exposed dentinal tubules in response to stimuli. The article reviews its clinical features, pathogenesis, mechanism, diagnosis, prevention and management. The diagnosis should be accurate and all the differential diagnosis should be omitted. Desensitization remains the major choice for dentin hypersensitivity. The basic principle of treatment of dentin hypersensitivity is to block the patent tubules or block pulpal nerve response.

The quality of education is a benchmark in education units to maintain the quality of institutions both process, inputs, and outputs. This research was conducted to determine the implementation and strategy of developing boarding school management to improve the quality of education in MA Muhammadiyah 1 Klaten. This research is field research, with the type of qualitative research. Data collection techniques include observation, interview, and documentation. The data validity was tested using source triangulation methods and techniques. The results of interviews, field notes, observations, and documentation were analyzed using Miles and Huberman's model consisting of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results show that the implementation and the strategy of boarding school management development can improve the quality of education

Oro-antral communication and fistula can occur as a result of inadequate and improper treatment. Inadvertent communication with the maxillary sinus can occur during certain surgical procedures in the maxillary posterior region. Though, spontaneous healing may occur in defects which are smaller than 2 mm but larger communications require immediate attention and should be treated without delay, in order to avoid sinusitis and further complications leading to patient discomfort

Dementia is a collective term used to describe various symptoms of cognitive decline, such as forgetfulness.
It is a symptom of several underlying common phenomena with an aging population.The aim of the study is
to assess the knowledge on the management of quality of life of people with early onset dementia. A
questionnaire was created with a set of 12 questions related to Dementia and management of dementia . 100
random participants of adults and aged males and females by random sampling method . The participants
were asked to fill the questionnaire in an online forum . The results were collected and formatted in Pie
charts, Chi- square test was used and statistically analysed using SPSS .100 participants participated in the
survey, out of which 97% of them are aware of dementia, 63% of the population responded females are more
prone to dementia, and 67% of them responded that Alzheimer is the most common symptom. From the
current study it shows that the majority of the population are aware of dementia but its effects in the later
years of life are not much known. Also the quality of life in such cases diminishes as age progresses.
Awareness studies on the survival of early onset dementia are more informative as many younger patients
tend to suffer without diagnosing the condition and live without proper treatment or cure. Thus we conclude
that further management should be taken in control of early onset dementia by conducting several awareness
studies at larger populations