European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Aim: The objective of the present study was to assess the effect of moderate intensity exercises on P-300 component of event related potential during different menstrual phases in young obese and non-obese women of Bihar.
Methods: It was a cross-sectional observational study conducted at Patna Medical College, Patna, Bihar, India, on young normally menstruating women with normal auditory capability of age group 18–35 years, BMI (Normal =18-24.9 kg/m² and Obese>25 kg/m²)according to the WHO criteria and without any major chronic illness and neurocognitive deficit. The ethical approval for this study was obtained from Institutional Ethical Committee.
Results: It is evident from the study that the participants were mostly in the age group of 19–21 years. BMI of the normal subjects was mostly in between 19.4 and 22.13. BMI of the obese subjects was mostly in between 25.4 and 30.13. Waist–hip ratio (WHR) of the subjects was mostly little above normal range (normal being <0.8). Observation showed that most of the subjects perceived physical activity as light to extremely light except for a few subjects. The amplitude and latencies of P300 ERP in obese and non-obese showed no significant difference at resting state (pre-exercise) during early follicular and mid-luteal phases. The amplitude of P300 ERP displayed no significant change in post-exercise session in comparison to pre-exercise session in both phases among obese and non-obese subjects. However, P300 latency showed significant decrease in post-exercise session when recorded at Cz (P = 0.024, P = 0.05) as well as Pz position (P = 0.03, P = 0.003) in both phases of menstrual cycle among both groups. However, P300 latency recorded at Fz position displayed no significant change in post-exercise session in comparison to pre-exercise session in nonobese and obese persons during both phases of menstrual cycle.

Introduction: The most important attributes of female body which makes it possible for procreation, is menstrual cycle. In proliferative phase estrogens gradually increase, causing Follicle stimulating harmone and Luteinizing harmone to peak, whereas progesterone remains low throughout. The secretory phase is dominated by the actions of estrogen and progesterone. Reproductive hormones may modulate cardiovascular function through a number of mechanisms.
 Aim of study – To assess the variation in cardiovascular function using recording of pulse and blood pressure indices in different phases of menstrual cycle in females having normal menstrual cycle.
Material And Method – – 50 apparently healthy female aged between 20-25 years were selected for the study and pulse and blood pressure was recorded using automatic blood pressure monitor during the different phase of menstrual cycle as follows: a)Menstrual phase(MP) (2nd day) b)follicular phase(PP) (11th day) c) secretory phase(SP) (22nd day).
Results – After statistical analysis (paired t-test) the finding of study was decrease in systolic BP and mean BP during follicular phase as compared to menstrual phase. But there was significant decrease in diastolic BP and mean BP during secretory phase as compared to menstrual phase. Though there was no significant difference in pulse rate but significant change in pulse pressure between follicular and secretory phase has been shown in present study.
Conclusion – The effect of endogenous change in hormonal which are the physiological changes during different phases of menstrual cycle supports the result of study

Background: Low socio economic group hailing from rural population was the maximum group of girls studied. To study various gynaecologicalproblems and etiological factors encountered in adolescent girls who attended the gynaecological OPD, at GMC, Kadapa.
Materials and Methods: A total of 200 cases of adolescent girls aged 10 -19 years who attended gynaecological OPD and emergency department. Detailed history with regard to gynaecological problems was taken from the patient and girl‟s mother was also interviewed to get accurate details about any previous medical problems if present.
Results: Maximum incidence of gynaecological problems was seen in age group of 17years. Among the various presenting complaints in studied adolescent girls, menstrual irregularities were the most common. Oligomenorrhoea was the most common menstrual problem in this study. Anovulation is the most common cause of menorrhagia in adolescents. Majority of adolescent girls suffered from anemia ranging from mild to severe types of anemia. 5.56% patients with puberty menorrhagia received blood transfusion. The most common cause of oligomenorrhoea was the hypothalamic pitutary gonadal dysfunction. Counselling and reassurance was an integral part of treatment strategies. PCOS and hypothyroidisms were the other endocrinological abnormalities common among the adolescent girls. Leucorrhoea in adolescent girls in my study were most commonly. physiological, counselled and explained to maintain proper hygiene.
Conclusion: A combined effort of team comprising gynaecologist, endocrinologist is required in arriving final diagnosis in case of primary amenorrhoea.

Objective of the study: The purpose of the study was to compare stress level, basketball performance and menstrual distress in during and post menstrual phases among the university level female basketball players. The relationship between stress level, basketball performance and menstrual distress was also ascertained. Method: A total 80 girls were purposively selected as subjects from different colleges of Punjabi University, Patiala. All the subjects were assessed for stress, basketball performance and menstrual distress in during and post menstruation phases of menstrual cycle. The stress level of subjects was measured with the help of Perceived Stress Scale
(PSS) developed by Sheldon Cohen (1988). Menstrual distress was assessed by using the Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MDQ) developed by Rudolf. H. Moos (1969).Basketball performance was assessed with the help of Johnson Basketball Test Battery design by L. William Johnson (1934).
Results: Paired sample t-test revealed that the basketball players had significantly (p<0.05) higher mean value on perceived stress scale in during menstruation phase as compared to post menstruation phase. Menstrual distress, pain and concentration were found to have significantly higher mean values (p<0.05) in during menstruation phase among basketball players. Behaviour and arousal were significantly (p<0.05) associated with perceived stress and control significantly associated (p<0.05) with basketball performancein post menstrual phase.
Conclusion: The performance of basketball players was not affected during the menstrual phase. Behaviour and arousal showed significantassociation with stress level and control was observed to be significantly associated with basketball performance in the post menstrual phase.