European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Introduction: Enterococci are normal flora of oral cavity, gut, and female genital tract
of humans and are known to cause nosocomial infections. E. faecalis is responsible for
80-90 percent and E. faecium 5-10 percent of the human enterococcal infections. Most
frequent infections caused by Enterococcus spp. are urinary tract infections followed by
intra-abdominal abscesses and bloodstream infections.
Materials and Methods: This is a prospective, descriptive and observational study
conducted in the Department of Microbiology, Index Medical College, Hospital and
Research center Indore from January 2019 December 2021. All isolates of Enterococcus
species during the study period will be included. All patients over 18 years of age having
chronic diabetic foot ulcers where ulcer duration is greater than three months were
included in the study
Results: A total number of 72 isolates of E. faecalis, 42 (58.33%) were isolated from
males whereas 30 (41.66%) from female patients of diabetic foot ulcers. In case of E.
faecium, 34 (68%) were isolated from males and 16 (32%) isolated from females. In our
study, Among E. faecalis organism, few strains were 100% sensitive to Amikacin,
Lenizolid and Teicoplanin respectively. Rate of resistance to Penicillin G 57 (79.16%),
Tetracycline 62 (86.11%), Gentamycin 53 (73.61%), Clindamycin 48(66.66%), Amoxyclav
48 (66.66%), Cefoxitin 43(59.72%) and Ciprofloxacin 57 (79.16%). Moreover,
Among E. faecium isolates shows maximum susceptibility to vancomycin. Clindamycin
(100%), Amikacin (50%) and Lenizolid (76%) respectively. Rate of resistance to
Penicillin G: 38 (76%), Tetracycline 19 (38%), Gentamycin 19 (38%), Clindamycin
38(76%), Amoxy-clav 19 (38%), Cefoxitin 32 (64%) and Ciprofloxacin 38 (76%) in
table 4.
Conclusion: Multiple drug resistant strains of E. faecalis and E. faecium are
progressively related to health care associated infections. This study emphasises the
need to screen for HLGR and Vancomycin in clinical isolates, active surveillance and
the prompt reporting of resistance by the laboratories to prevent injudicious use of
antibiotics.

Introduction: Catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) is a critical problem in dialysis center.
Aim: To study the prevalence of central venous catheter related blood stream infections and to identify the microbiological profile of organisms causing CRBSI.
Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study carried out at Dialysis unit over a period of two years on 145 hemodialysis patients, who had cultures of catheter and blood samples were studied.

Introduction: Catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) is a critical problem in dialysis
center.
Aim: To study the prevalence of central venous catheter related blood stream infections and to
identify the microbiological profile of organisms causing CRBSI.
Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study carried out at Dialysis unit over
a period of two years on 145 hemodialysis patients, who had cultures of catheter and blood
samples were studied.
Results: A total of 557 haemodialysis catheters (tunnelled and non-tunnelled) were
inserted during the study period, and among them, CRBSIs was seen in 145 cases.Mean
duration of dialysis catheters in situ was 20.6days.99 (68.2%) patients were males, and 46
(31.7%) were females. Diabetes mellitus (76.5 %) was the most common premorbid illness
associated with CRBSI. 81.3% patients found to be below 10 mg/dl of Hb, and
68.3%patients had leucocytosis. Among 145 of CRBSI, blood cultures were positive in 48
patients, and 97 patients were culture negative.45.8% isolates were gram-positive and
52.8% isolates were gram-negative bacteria, and one isolate was found to be fungal
infection.Among gram positive, CONS were most isolated, followed by Enterococcus,
MSSA and MRSA.