European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

This research aims to 1) study the quality of life (QOL) level development according to characteristics of Thai elderly demography 2) study the different levels of Thai elderly QOL and 3) study the relationship between QOL development and Thai elderly QOL in Nakhon Pathom province. Mixed methods research was used in this study. The sample consisted of 400 Thai elderlyby using questionnaires and statistics used. The data analyzed were frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation. The statistical t-test, one-way ANOVA analysis, and Pearson's Correlation Coefficient were determined. Found that 1) the QOL improvement, the overall picture is at a high level, social support had the highest average, followed by environmental management, participation and health promotion 2) the elderly QOL, the environment was at a high level, followed by social, psychological, and physical relationships 3) overall QOL improvement was positively related to the elderly QOL according to the statistical significance assumptions at the level. 01 and 4) from the municipal administrators of Nakhon Pathom province interviewing, found that the QOL improvement in various areas municipality affecting the elderly QOL when the elderly are developed, they will have a better QOL

Studies have shown that it is easier for people, who are emotionally capable, to cope with life challenges and therefore they are healthier psychologically. Alexithymia exacerbates vulnerability to physical illness and predisposes to chronic illness. The aim of this study was to determine the role of physical psychotherapy on the quality of life of patients with hypertension with alexithymia. In this clinical trial with a pre-test post-test design, 60 patients with hypertension with alexithymia were purposefully selected from the patients referred to the health centers of Semnan and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The intervention was performed during 1.5 months in the experimental group according to the steps designed in the protocol of physical psychotherapy. Data were collected using the Demographic Questionnaire, Toronto Alexithymia and Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) and analyzed by descriptive, inferential and MANCOVA statistics. In multivariate analysis of covariance, there was a significant difference in the linear composition of alexithymia components and quality of life. Overall, physical psychotherapy has had a significant effect on improving alexithymia, blood pressure and quality of life. Therefore, according to the research findings, it can be said that physical psychotherapy hasbeen effective in improving the quality of life and controlling blood pressure in patients with high blood pressure with alexithymia and performing this treatment in the above patients is recommended as a suitable complementary treatment.

Studies have shown that it is easier for people, who are emotionally capable, to cope with life challenges and therefore they are healthier psychologically. Alexithymia exacerbates vulnerability to physical illness and predisposes to chronic illness. The aim of this study was to determine the role of physical psychotherapy on the quality of life of patients with hypertension with alexithymia. In this clinical trial with a pre-test post-test design, 60 patients with hypertension with alexithymia were purposefully selected from the patients referred to the health centers of Semnan and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The intervention was performed during 1.5 months in the experimental group according to the steps designed in the protocol of physical psychotherapy. Data were collected using the Demographic Questionnaire, Toronto Alexithymia and Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) and analyzed by descriptive, inferential and MANCOVA statistics. In multivariate analysis of covariance, there was a significant difference in the linear composition of alexithymia components and quality of life. Overall, physical psychotherapy has had a significant effect on improving alexithymia, blood pressure and quality of life. Therefore, according to the research findings, it can be said that physical psychotherapy has been effective in improving the quality of life and controlling blood pressure in patients with high blood pressure with alexithymia and performing this treatment in the above patients is recommended as a suitable complementary treatment.

Introduction: Women with RA have higher grades of disease activity and more declines in health status than men with RA; this recommends a relationship between estrogen and disease activity and severity.
Aim: Our aim was to detect the effect of sex hormone fluctuations and menopause on functional disability and quality of life of postmenopausal RA patients.

Background
Breast cancer is the commonest of all cancers among women across the world and India being no exception to this deadly disease. There may be many symptoms due to cancer, some are complex but some are not complex. Measuring quality of life (QoL) is important to measure overall burden of disease. It is important to evaluate cancer specific QoL which is associated to all stages of this disease. Also Quality of Life is a term that adds various dimensions of quality of life such as physical, psychological, socio-economical, spiritual, cognitional & social dimensions. Balance between all the four domains (i.e. Physical, Psychological, Social and Spiritual) means good quality of life, but in India QoL in general is not good and if we talk of cancer patients its worst.
Objective
The aim of this study is assessment of QoL in breast cancer patients undergoing treatment through various modalities at different stages of disease.
Methods
This is a cross-sectional study, a total of 150 breast cancer patients were included. Patients quality of life were assessed by Ferrel‘s Quality of Life Instrument-Breast Cancer patient
version and the instrument is already validated by Ferrel BR et al (2012). These questionnaires consist of general well-being, psychological well-being, distress, fearfulness, social concerns and spiritual well-being. The data obtained gives Cronbach alpha value of 0.642 which is reliable enough for further study. The QoL in for most subjects was around 50% and is a cause of concern as this is quite low as compare to global standards.
Results
A significant relationship between type of cancer, amount of pain, and fatigue (tiredness) was found. However, none of the demographic variables (age, marital status, income) were significantly related to QoL. Education and type of treatment were found to be correlated with QoL. The physical well-being score was found to be Mean = 4.82, SD = 2.19. The Psychological well-being score was found to be Mean=4.95, SD=2.02. For social well-being score was found to be Mean=4.98, SD=1.94. The highest score was for spiritual well-being Mean = 5.32, SD = 2.46.
Conclusion
Influencing quality of life (QoL) is an important issue in Breast cancer patients. Apart from effect of treatment there are other factors like socioeconomic status, psychological well-being, fear of recurrence etc., Which plays a pivotal role in patients wellbeing and if counseled at various levels like family, hospital and society can improve QoL.

The aim of our study was to study, using a questionnaire (СОМОТ--15 questionnaire), the level of quality of life of patients with chronic suppurative otitis media before and after tymponoplast.
Material and research methods: We examined 60 patients, over 18 years old, with chronic suppurative otitis media. All participants filled out the СОМОТ--15 questionnaire, anamnesis and otoscopy were studied in detail, all patients underwent clinical studies - these are endoscopic and microscopic assessment of ENT organs, as well as audiological studies, which included a tonal audiogram with measurement of the air-bone interval in both ears.
Conclusions: Patients with chronic suppurativeotitis media report a decrease in the quality of life associated with a decrease in hearing acuity, and not with disturbing tinnitus or otorrhea. The type of chronic suppurative otitis media (epitympanitis or mesotympanitis) in no way reflects the patient's quality of life. Tympanoplasty significantly improves the patient's quality of life.

Background:Dental and oral health problems can have an impact on the ability to chew, bite, swallow or talk, one's appearance, smile and self-esteem, social factors such as eating or talking in front of others, pain or discomfort, which will affect the quality of life of individuals. Purpose:of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship between the age of patients with oral health problems with the quality of life.Method:This research is a descriptive type of research with 118 respondents. The questionnaire completed by the respondent which contained primary data including name, gender, age, disease history, OHIP-14 scale, and five-point scale. Result:Most of the study subjects were respondents who were in the young adult age group (25-44 years), with a higher quality of life score (12.04%). The average results of OHIP scores of subjects with the highest scores stated that subjects in both ages ranges felt disturbed especially in terms of mastication, ingestion, and speech functions by 11.9%. The lowest score is at the point of feeling hard to do any activity at 4.89% and feels easily offended or upset at 5.67%.Conclusion: The result shows a significant difference from the statistical analysis test of OHIP-14 scores according to age. Thus it can be concluded that there is a relationship between the age range in patients with oral health problems with the quality of life.

Background/Rationale: Skin is the most visible organ that defines our appearance and plays a significant social communication role to a great extent. Human beings are often concerned with their external physical appearance, which is directly related to the health of the skin, and if any disease triggers a change in the skin's natural appearance, it causes distress to the individual. Chronic diseases such as Vitiligo, Psoriasis, and Pemphigus severely dagrades the quality of life ( QOL) of affected individuals. ,Psychiatric morbidity was shown by Indian patients as stress ,anxiety depression, lower self-esteem, adjustment disorders, and sleep disturbance, and are vulnerable to various psychiatric disorders such as severe depression and suicidal ideations. The involvement of a chronic illness is typically associated with lower health-related quality of life ( HRQOL), and severity of the disorder often affects HRQOL. Objectives: To evaluate the quality of life of patients having Psoriasis, Vitiligo and Pemphigus Vulgaris and To explore the correlation between disease severity and quality of life. Methods: Prospective Cross sectional Study will be carried out in 65 patients with chronic skin diseases, attending Out Patient Department of Dermatology, AVBRH, JNMC, Sawangi, Wardha, will be Registered after having considered different conditions for inclusion and exclusion. A detailed history will be taken, severity index will be calculated and questionnaire, DLQI, HRQOL will be given to the patients. Results: The result would be undertaken in SPSS software. Conclusion: The conclusion will be based on findings for study protocol.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an emerging public health problem that affects 5–10% of the world population. With the availability of recent treatment modalities including renal replacement therapy, the survival of CKD patients has increased considerably which has led to an increased focus on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Health-related quality of life represents the impact of the disease or its treatment on the subjective feelings of patients about their physical, mental, spiritual, emotional, social, and functional wellbeing. Quality of life among dialysis patients has been shown to be lower as compared to pre-dialysis CKD patients and is an independent risk factor for mortality in dialysis patients. Family support is an important factor that serves as a support system for the patients to face health problems.
Purpose: To examine levels of family support and the correlation of family support and quality of life (QoL) among CKD on hemodialysis (HD) patients.
Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in August-November 2020 and recruited chronic HD patients from Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital in Makassar, Indonesia. The demographic data of HD patients were collected. Quality of life was assessed using the validated Indonesian version of the Short Form-36 (SF-36) questionnaire which consists of Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) and family support that was assessed using the validated “Dukungan Keluarga” questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0 statistical software.
Results: A total of 60 subjects (39 males and 21 females) were included. The mean age was 48.9±12.1 years old. About 55% of the subjects was graduated from college. About 86.7% subject was married. About 55% of the subject is not working. About 53.3% of subjects have a family income lower than the regional minimum wage. The mean duration of HD was 22.1±28.6 months. The mean score of family support was 53±8,2. Family support score has a significant positive correlation with each domain of PCS and MCS, the higher score of family support is in accordance with higher score of PCS and MCS.
Conclusion: CKD on HD patients’ quality of life was significantly affected by family support

The study included 41 patients aged 36 to 64 years, suffering from BA, in whom the disease was complicated by pulmonary hypertension (PH). Patients were divided into 2 groups. The 1st group included 17 BA patients with II-III stage of severity with PH (average age 57.1 ± 1.5 years). The second group included 24 BA patients with AH (average age 57 ± 1.8 years). The control group consisted of 20 practically healthy individuals (HI), comparable in age.

Abstract :Background: An amputee is a person with a disability who needs special attention because of the condition of the amputation they are experiencing so that it disrupts their quality of life. Amputee uses prosthesis for daily activities. Quality of life is influenced by many factors, by knowing factors affected to prosthetic users quality of life. Purpose: This study aims to conduct an Analysis of factors affected to prosthetic users quality of life in Indonesia. Methods: This is Quantitative research, using observational analytic. It is a cross-sectional design. Transfemoral Prosthetic user in Kuspito Clinic is the population. The sampling technique used is a simple random sampling. There were 110 samples. Structural Equation Modeling with AMOS software is used for analysis. The instrument of this research is the questioner. Result: The Questioners are valid and Reliable. The Model purposed is fit. The SEM result shows that motivation, optimism, religiosity, self-efficacy, social support have direct and indirect effect in quality of life. Subjective well-being is the mediator of factors affecting quality of life of prosthetic users. Conclusion: The study showed that motivation, optimism, religiosity, self-efficacy, social support, are the factors affected to prosthetic users quality of life. It is mediated by subjective well-being.

The dispassionate indicators of happiness measurement consider the obvious conditions of municipal elements, such as housing, nutrition, and the setting. Autonomous indices were done, on the subject of the questions asked by the researchers through the questionnaire of people about contentment. In this regard, it attempts to measure the role of municipal elements in contentment and quality of life of the inhabitants in the Commissioners’ neighbourhoods of Jimeta. The research technique used in this article was descriptive-analytical and data collection was prepared using a questionnaire. The data were analyzed by SPSS software. The questionnaire contains 3 components of 8 indicators and 29 questions. Cronbach's alpha test was used to calculate the reliability of the questionnaire. Its reliability was 0.81 and was acceptable. The outcomes of the research show that the contentment of residents in the study area is in a judicious situation. According to the results, the level of citizenship contentment of the neighbourhoods is from the social, environmental, and economic components, with a score of 4.35, 3.92, and 2.47 from the Likert spectrum, correspondingly.

Background:An amputee is a person with a disability who needs special attention because of the condition of the amputation they are experiencing so that it disrupts their quality of life. Amputee uses prosthesis for daily activities. Quality of life is influenced by many factors, by knowing factors affected to prosthetic users quality of life. Purpose:This study aims to conduct an Analysis of factors affected to prosthetic users quality of life in Indonesia. Methods:This is Quantitative research, using observational analytic. It is a cross-sectional design. Transfemoral Prosthetic user in Kuspito Clinic is the population. The sampling technique used is a simple random sampling. There were 110 samples. Structural Equation Modeling with AMOS software is used for analysis. The instrument of this research is the questioner. Result: The Questioners are valid and Reliable. The Model purposed is fit. The SEM result shows that motivation, optimism, religiosity, self-efficacy, social supporthave direct and indirect effect in quality of life. Subjective well-being is the mediator of factors affecting quality of life of prosthetic users.Conclusion:The study showed that motivation, optimism, religiosity, self-efficacy, social support, are the factors affected to prosthetic users quality of life. It is mediated by subjective well-being.

Background: Healthassociated with Quality of life is most important for people with diabetes but this aspect is given less attention.
Objectives: To assess quality of lifeamong type 2 diabetes mellituspatientsand its socio-demographic determinants
Methods:A hospital based cross sectionalstudywasconductedin a tertiary care hospital from June 2014 to September 2016.130 diagnosed patients of Type 2 diabetes mellituswereincluded.Apre-structuredquestionnairewasusedand data related to demographic profile, history of diabetes, quality of life, stress etc. were collected. Datawere analysedusing SPSS version 20.
Results: Out of 130 study subjects selected for the study, 58.5% were males. The mean age 53.68 years ±10.48. The averageperiod of diabetes of participants was 5.88 ±4.70 years. Among participants, 11.5% were suffering from neuropathy. The sleeping hours was less than 7 hours in 27.7% participants. The mean stress scores of the participants was 14.61 ± 2.90 and 6.9% were having stress score 20 and above. The suggested score of the health related excellence of life study participants was 122.42 ± 14.37. The mean HRQoL score was 72.43 and found that 24.6% of the patients showed good score, 56.9% moderate score and 18.5% of the patients showed poor HRQoL score. Conclusion: Steps should be taken in individual and community level to get better the quality of life like counselling for reduction of psychological distress, practice of Yoga and meditation, diabetic diet at diabetic clinics and hospitals.

Cancer not only impacts patients but their caregivers too. The objective of this study was to examine the types of social support needed by cancer patient caregivers and to analyse their perception of the importance of social support based on selected demographic factors (age, gender, ethnicity education level, duration of care and income).The data were collected through a survey method, questionnaires were distributed among primary caregivers of cancer patients from the northern states of Malaysia.The findings showed that social support such as emotional, physical and spirituality necessary to help improve the well-being and quality of life of cancer patient caregivers