European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

BACKGROUND and OBJECTIVE: The incidence of multiple myeloma varies among different ethnic group and among different countries but from past few years its incidence is increasing in Asian countries. In India due to financial constraints, lack of adequate health infrastructure and lack of knowledge among people lead to delay in the treatment of Multiple Myeloma and it became a challenge to medical field in India. The objective of the study is to study the various parameters and its incidence in Multiple Myeloma patients.
METHODS: This is a cross sectional study conducted in the department of medicine and oncology of tertiary care hospital of north India. Data was taken from 2015-2022, 102 cases of multiple myeloma was diagnosed out of which 2 were excluded. The diagnosis was made based on the International Myeloma Working Group: Criteria for the classification of monoclonal gammopathies, multiple myeloma and related disorder. The demographic profile, clinical symptoms and laboratory parameters were studied.
RESULTS: Multiple Myeloma was most common in 5^th decade with male predominance and more common in urban population. Most common symptom was bone pain 63 (63%) and weight loss (9%) least common.  65% had anaemia, 18% had renal insufficiency and 34% had hypercalcemia. All of the patients had M-band in gamma globulin region with 48% had ISS stage 1. 70(70%) had lytic lesions in the skull.
INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION: To conclude majority of the patients of Multiple Myeloma were males and majority were farmers. Majority of patients were from urban area. Bone pain being the most common symptom followed by the fatigue. Anaemia and Hypercalcemia were less common in our study population. Most of the patients had ISS stage 1. The presentation of MM varies among patients and with adequate health infrastructure better outcome and early diagnosis of multiple myeloma will be there.

Background: Anaemia is a common diabetes mellitus (DM) consequence that has a
negative impact on the progression and development of other diabetes-related
problems. Despite this, little is known about the prevalence of anaemia and its
associated variables in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. As a result, the
purpose of this study was to look at the prevalence of anaemia and its associated
variables in T2DM patients.
Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out on 249 T2DM patients
who were chosen by a systematic random sample procedure. Face-to-face interviews,
anthropometric measurements, and laboratory testing such as haemoglobin
measurements, red blood indices, and serum creatinine analysis were used to collect
data. The data were coded and entered into Epi-data management version 4.4.1.0 before
being analysed using SPSS version 22. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression
analysis were used to discover the determinants of anaemia. P-values less than 0.05 were
considered statistically significant.
Results: According to the findings of the study, 20.1 percent of the individuals were
anaemic. Age >60 years (AOR=3.06, 95 percent CI: 1.32–7.11), poor glycemic control
(AOR=2.95, 95 percent CI: 1.22–7.15), eGFR 60–89.9 mL/min/1.73m2 (AOR=2.91, 95
percent CI: 1.15–7.37), eGFR 10 years (AOR=2.75, 95 percent CI: 1.17–6.48), and
experiencing diabetic complications (AOR=3.81, 95% CI: 1.65–8.81) were significantly
associated with anaemia.

CIN leads to increased morbidity, prolonged hospital stay and thereby, more health care costs. The incidence of CIN varies from 2% to 30%. Fortunately, most cases can be completely reversed within two to four weeks. The optimal therapeutics used to prevent and CIN remains unclear. The main objective of the current study is to assess the effect of oral Nicorandil on the occurrence of CIN in patients with renal insufficiency undergoing cardiac catheterization in NSTEACS