European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Little research has been done thus far on the association between smoking and apical periodontitis. The current study's goal was to determine whether tobacco use may be linked to periapical lesions' frequency or severity. 247 people in total, 81 current smokers, 63 past smokers, and 103 non-smokers participated in the study. The frequency of endodontic treatment was 58% overall, while the prevalence of apical periodontitis was 52%. The periapical state was expressed as the number and percentage of radiographically identifiable lesions as well as as a severity score. Smoking had no discernible effect on the prevalence of endodontic therapy or apical periodontitis. Controlling for age, the association between smoking and periapical lesions was not statistically significant. The mean number (percentage) of periapical lesions per person was 1.9 (6%) in current smokers, 1.5 (4%) in inform smokers, and 1.0 (3%) in non-smokers. The average degree of periapical damage across all teeth, or just teeth afflicted by periapical lesions, did not substantially differ between the smoking groups. It is determined that there is no evidence to support the notion that cigarette use causes apical periodontitis from the current observations.

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a common health problem in many countries, including Bahrain. However, little data exists about the awareness and the level of knowledge of vitamin D among Arab Gulf populations. Method: A cross-sectional study design was employed. A self-administered questionnaire was administered to an adult sample of 335 participants seeking information on their knowledge about vitamin D. Findings: 81.2% of the study participants had unsatisfactory total knowledge score of vitamin D. Level of education and the sources of information about vitamin D were the main significant factors that appear to influence the participants’ vitamin D awareness status. Most the participants recognized that exposure to sunlight encourages the production of vitamin D, however, only a small proportion of participants were aware of the sources of vitamin D in daily food intake and health consequences of vitamin D deficiency. Conclusion: There is inadequate knowledge and awareness regarding vitamin D deficiency among adult Bahrain population. Health campaigns are urgently needed in order to improve the community’s knowledge about the benefits and sources of vitamin D

The aim of the present study was to establish the Tweed’s parameters for South Indian
population. A study of 70 South Indian young adults (35 males and 35 females) within age range
of 18-28 years with acceptable profile and occlusion were selected for the study and assessed using
Tweed’s analysis. The three angular parameters of Tweed’s analysis, Frankfort Mandibular plane
angle (FMA), Frankfort Mandibular Incisal Angle (FMIA) and Incisor Mandibular plane angle
(IMPA) for the South Indian population was measured and found to be 23.1, 57.1 and 99.8 degree
respectively.
Significant difference was seen among young adult South Indian population and Caucasian
values of Tweeds diagnostic triangle. There was a difference in between the mean values of FMA
and FMIA among male and female South Indian population and the IMPA did not show any
difference.