European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP), a unique anatomical configuration has recently become a very significant component in the evaluation of BPH patients. Hence the present study aimed to evaluate the outcome of initial trial without catheter in Benign prostatic hyperplasia patients with IPP of different grades presented with acute urinary retention.
Materials & methods: The retrospective study conducted at Urology unit, Department of General Surgery, Agartala Government Medical College, Agartala from September 2018 to January 2022. Patient fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Data sheet was completed where the patient’s demographics, IPSS, PSA, total prostate volume, IPP and its grade, peak flow rate of voided patients, PVRU was recorded and analyzed.
Results: Mean patient age was 69.76±9.54 years (range 52 to 87) in group A, 67.80±7.70 years (range 54-82) in group B and 66.23±8.84 years (range 51-81) in group C. Mean value of IPP was greater in group C with statistically significant result with p value <0.01 comparing group A and C. Correlation between IPP with other pre-treatment parameters show significant results with TPV, TZV, TZI, QoL, PUFR & PVRU.
Conclusion- IPP is a helpful indicator for determining whether a voiding trial after ARU was successful. A trial without a catheter may be advantageous for BPH patients with grade 1 IPP. Patients with grade III IPP, on the other hand, are less likely to do so and would need a more thorough surgical intervention.

Prostatic pathology is deceptively simple. Benign prostatic Hyperplasia, prostatitis and prostatic carcinoma are the three principal conditions involving the prostate accounting for more than 95% of lesions. Though the morphologic diagnosis of prostatic lesions, separating benign from malignant is relatively straight forward, there are several benign proliferations and normal histo-anatomic structures of prostate which mimic malignancy and their awareness is essential to avoid diagnostic pit falls.

Background: Diseases affecting  the  prostate  include  benign  prostatic  hyperplasia (BPH), non-specific inflammatory conditions and malignancy of the prostate, are responsible for significant  morbidity  and  mortality among  ageing male patients.This study was done to study the histopathological spectrum of prostatic lesions, classify them and to correlate them with free serum PSA levels.
Material and methods:The sample size was 302. Collected data was analyzed with descriptive statistics followed by chi- square test.Tests were used to analyze the sensitivity, specificity and overall accuracy of serum PSA levels in diagnosing benign and malignant prostatic lesions. p value was calculated and considered statistically significant when p value was less than 0.005.
Results:Majority of the benign lesions had serum PSA in the range of 0-4 ng/ml.About 21% had modest elevation in serum PSA.Majority of the malignant lesions had highly elevated serum PSA levels.BPH-Less than half of the cases showed epithelial and stromal hyperplasia without prostatitis.PIN- 2 had a histology of low grade PIN and 1 had high grade PIN. Adenocarcinoma: Majority of the lesions showed discrete glandular pattern.Gleason score of 7 was the commonest pattern. The sensitivity and specificity of serum PSA in benign lesions was found to be 62% and 95% respectively and in malignant lesions was 95% and 62% respectively.
Conclusion: It was concluded that PSA cut off value >4ng/ml is a diagnostic tool for detection of adenocarcinoma prostate.

Objective: To examine the potential clinical implications of the voiding position in asymptomatic Indian men.
Materials and methods: Men between the ages of 20 and 70 were included in our prospective research of men. The subjects were required to complete a 3-day voiding diary, and uroflowmetry was performed in accordance with our department's normal methodology.
Results: Qavg and Qmax were 17.5 and 28.7 mL/s on average. The typical V24 and F24 were respectively 1653.7 mL and 6.5. The biggest single voided volume (r = 0.308, P = 0.002), the smallest single voided volume (r = 0.500, P = 0.001), the daytime voided volume (r = 0.378, P = 0.001), the nighttime voided volume (r = 0.533, P = 0.001), and Vavg (r = 0.704, P = 0.001) were all positively correlated with the mean V24. PVR (r = 0.415, P<0.001), night time frequency (r = 0.353, P<0.001), and voiding frequency (r = 0.345, P < 0.001) were all strongly correlated with mean age.
Conclusion: The uroflowmetry parameters of elderly men are significantly influenced by the voiding position. It was discovered that voiding while sitting was ideal for elderly men, but it was impossible to tell what effect the voiding position had in healthy young men. To further understand this problem, more investigation is required.

The purpose of this work is to study the content of macronutrients in the tissues with
oncourological pathology. Methods: Clinical examination material of 279 people was
used in the work, 229 of them were men (82%) and 50 were women (18%). Elemental
analysis of oxygen, carbon, calcium, nitrogen and sulfur was carried out using a
detector to record the spectra of characteristic X-ray radiation (EPAX company), which
were integrated with "Quanta 600 FEG" scanning electron microscope. Results: with
prostate cancer, the oxygen content decreased, so during stage 1, the oxygen content
decreased by 36.8% among middle-aged patients, and by 38.6% among elderly
patients, stage 2 - by 32.4% and 28.9%, stage 3 - by 34.1% and 34.2%, and stage 4 -
by 30.9% and 35.1%. The nitrogen content changed insignificantly, carbon and sulfur
decreased. The calcium index among middle-aged patients with stage 1 prostate
cancer increases by 10.6, and by 10.8 times among the elderly, while it is absent
among the patients with stage 2, 3 and 4. The nitrogen content among the patients
with renal pathology did not change significantly, but there was a tendency of carbon,
calcium, and sulfur increase and oxygen decrease. When they studied the level of
macronutrients in bladder cancer, there was a tendency to nitrogen and carbon level
increase, and in the groups of stage 1 and 2 patients, the content of calcium and sulfur
increased by 12.5 and 3.8 times, respectively, and oxygen was also reduced.
Conclusions: we found that all groups demonstrated oxygen content decrease, most
pronounced among stage 2 patients with bladder cancer - 49.5%, which leads to tissue
hypoxia in the studied organs. The nitrogen and carbon content varied slightly. The
content of calcium and sulfur increases among the patients of all studied groups.

Objectives: the study aims to assess the relationship between obesity and prostatic markers (total prostatic specific antigen (tPSA), and free prostatic specific antigen (fPSA)). Methods: this study was conducted on 127 men aged ≥40 years at The Department of Urology at Al-Ramadi Teaching Hospital. Exclusion criteria were a history of previously diagnosed or treated prostate cancer, the use of prostacare or any drugs that affect the levels of PSA in the serum. Results: the age range of the participants of the study was between 40–80 year. The number of men with normal BMI was 26 (20.47%), 47 men were overweight (37%), 33 men were obese (25.98%), and finally, 21 men were severely obese (16.53%). The mean of parameters total and free prostate-specific antigen (tPSA, fPSA), in the study, were (mean ± SD) (1.683±0.563) ng/ml, (0.537±0.189) ng/ml, respectively. Conclusions: there are no significant relationships between BMI, tPSA, and fPSA, at P≤0.05 in a sample of Iraqi men.