European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Enlarged prostate is one of the most common urinary tract illness encountered in elderly males. Prostate volume is a well-established single most important predictor for management of patients with prostatomegaly, presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms. The aim of this study is to find a correlation between IPSS, PSA and prostate volume measured by transrectal ultrasound and its impact on patient management. A total of 120 men >40 years of age with lower urinary tract symptoms underwent transrectal ultrasound for the estimation of prostate volume after the laboratory investigation for prostate specific antigen levels in blood and response to clinical questionnaire for International Prostate Symptoms Score. The prostate ranged from 10 cc to 130 cc, mean being 37.04 cc +18.81. As per grading by IPSS, 52 patients (43.3%) had severe symptoms, followed by moderate symptoms in 44 patients (36.6%) and only 24 patients (20%) were having mild symptoms. PSA values ranged from .04 to 19.5 ng /ml. with a mean value of  4.2 + 1.89 ng / ml. Significant correlation is found between prostate volume, IPSS and PSA with moderate but statistically significant correlation between IPSS and PSA. Thus, combined parameters of prostate volume, IPSS and PSA could serve as an eminent tool for making clinical decisions and surgical management of patients with lower urinary tract symptoms due to enlarged prostate

Background: There are various prostate pathologies. Among all, Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is a common health issue among ageing men globally. The present study was conducted to assess correlation of various prostate pathologies with serum prostate specific antigen.
Materials & Methods: 58 male patients with various prostate pathologies presenting with LUTS underwent DRE and were worked up with USG KUBP, Serum PSA and biopsy. A trans-abdominal ultrasound examination was done to assess the size of the prostate gland. Patients with suspicious DRE finding or increased Serum PSA levels (defined as more than 4 ng/ml) underwent prostate biopsy
Results: Age group 50-60 years had PSA level 3.5 ng/ml, 61-70 years had 15.4 ng/ml and 71-80 years had 11.9 ng/ml. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). IPSS was mild in 29, moderate in 23 and severe in 6 patients. PSA (ng/ml) level in mild patients was 4.7, in moderate was 6.2 and in severe was 13.7. PSA (ng/ml) level in prostate grade I patients was 4.16, in grade II was 12.3 and in grade III was 31.5 and in grade IV was 42.6. The difference was significant (P< 0.05).
Conclusion: The mean serum PSA levels rises with increasing age. Serum PSA levels has a significant correlation with international prostate symptom severity scoring wherein mean serum PSA level rises with severity of LUTS. Prostate-specific antigen is specific for prostatic tissue and is raised in both benign and malignant lesions of prostate.

Background:Breast cancer continues to be a significant health threat, being the second
most common cancer among Indian women. The present study was conducted to assess
total PSA and free PSA levels in female patients with breast cancer.
Materials & Methods: female patients with tumours growth of breast were included.
Patients were classified into benign and malignant growth according to WHO
classification. Patients were classified into group I (breast growth) and healthy subjects
were put in group II. Parameters such as serum total prostate specific antigen (TPSA),
serum free prostate specific antigen (FPSA) was recorded.
Results: Age group 20-40 years had 30 in group I and 28 in group II and 40-60 years
had 35 in group I and 37 in group II. There were 38 benign and 27 malignant lesions of
breast. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). The mean total PSA in benign lesions
was 12.2, in malignant was 15.7 and in group II was 1.8 and free PSA was 0.15 in
benign, 0.22 in malignant and 2 in group II. The difference was significant (P< 0.05).
Conclusion: Both benign and malignant breast tumour patients exhibited high level of
free and total prostate specific antigen.

Introduction: Establishing or ruling out the diagnosis of carcinoma of prostate has been
a challenging task for pathologists for many years .it was an observational study where
patients who underwent TURP procedure were studied. The present study is an attempt
to understand the histopathological spectrum of prostatic lesions and study the
demographic distribution of various prostatic lesions.
Methods: The present study includes 125 cases of prostate specimen from January 2018
to September 2021 received in the post graduate department of Pathology, Tripura
Medical College. H and E stained sections were examined. The relevant clinical details
pertaining to age, clinical complaints and microscopic details are analyzed and
compared with other similar studies.
Result: Total 125 case were studied among which 69 (55.2%) cases were found to be
consistent with BPH and 24 cases were found to be malignant lesion (19.2%). 24 cases
were found to be BPH with associated prostatitis like features, consistent with benign
prostatic lesion. High grade Prostatic Intraepithelial lesions were seen in 8 cases (6.4%).
Out of the 24 malignant cases, majority had Gleason score between 8-10. Perineural
invasion was seen in 10 out of 24 malignant cases (41.6%). All malignant lesions were
adenocarcinoma and 20 were incidental carcinoma which accounted for 16% of all
prostatic lesions. Serum prostate specific antigen levels were available in 24 cases of
prostatic adenocarcinoma cases. 21 out of 24 cases had serum prostate specific antigen
levels greater than 10 ng/ml. (87.5%). Grade Group 4 had the maximum number of
cases i.e 45.8%. Out of 125 cases, 89 (71.2%) cases were from urban areas and 36
(28.8%) cases were from rural areas. All the 24 cases with prostatic adenocarcinoma
were from urban areas.