European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading cause of multisystem involvement
resulting in significant comorbidities. Various cardiac disorders such as dilated
cardiomyopathy, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and myocardial infarction have been
frequently associated with diabetes mellitus. Present study was aimed to study cardiac comorbidities
in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with help of 2D
echocardiography.
Material and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in patients, 18-70
years, of either gender, newly diagnosed Diabetes mellitus type 2 based on Fasting blood
sugar/ Post prandial blood sugar/HbA1c, willing to participate in the study.
Results: Out of 175 patients, 74 patients belonged to age group 51-60, which is the most
commonly affected age group. Out of 175 patients, 109 (62%) patients were male and 66
(38%) patients were females. Most of the patients had HbA1c` in the range of 7-10%, 139
patients (79%), whereas the least number of patients were in the 6.5-7% group, 5 patients
(3%) Most of the patients had normal cardiac diastolic function, whereas only 15 (8%)
patients restrictive filling (grade 3 diastolic dysfunction). Grade 2 and 3 diastolic dysfunction
was more common in a higher age range i.e. 51-60 and >60 years whereas it was absent in
less than 40 year. Diastolic dysfunction was more common in patients having proteinuria
>200 mg/dl, higher serum cholesterol levels, hba1c levels > 10% and in patents having E/e’
ratio higher than 14. 47 patients were systolic dysfunction <50% with hba1c less than 10%,
whereas only 3 patients had EF <50% with hba1c >10%.
Conclusion: Cardiac diastolic dysfunction is observed in patients of diabetes mellitus 2 more
frequently as compared to systolic dysfunction.

With the speed of MDCT acquisition, most young children can be imaged either with sedation or unsedated with feed and wrap. Contrast medium injection should optimally be through a large (20g minimum) cannula with pump injection, but a hand injection may also produce adequate results. Contrast agent bolus timing is important and may be crucial for optimal image quality, vessel delineation and diagnostic confidence. The study was carried out after the approval from the ethics committee. All the patients were explained about the possible adverse effects of contrast medium injection and radiation exposure. Informed signed consent was taken. We can see that in our study MDCT has a very high sensitivity ranging from 80% to 100% and specificity ranging from 80 to 90%. The P value is highly significant.