European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Study of diagnostic yield of induced sputum & bronchoscopic sample in sputum smear negative tuberculosis in tertiary health care centre.
Material and methods: 50 patients >18 years of age admitted to Chest ward with features of TB were included in this study. All the sample was sent to Intermediate Reference Laboratory, M.R.T.B. Hospital/Chest Centre, Indore. Subjects were included on the basis of their diagnosis of TB as per NTEP guidelines. Patients with sputum smear negative for MTB by ZN staining, clinically symptomatic patients suspected of pulmonary TB, cough more than 14 days, willing to participate and willing to give written consent and age more than 18 year were included in this study.
Results: In present study, most of the participants 23(46%) belong to age group 18-40 years. Out of 50 participants 31(62%) were male and 19(38%) are female. 19(38%) participants are educated and 31(62%) participants are uneducated. Most of the participants 39(78%) are Hindu by religion followed by Muslim 07(14%). Majority of the participants in present study 35(70%) reside in rural area, 23(46%) of the participants belong to lower middle economic social class. Out of 50(100%) AFB negative sample, 4 sample found positive in inducedsputum sample, were as 35(70%) sample was positive in BAL CBNAAT. The sensitivity and specificity of induced sputam(10.25% and 24.59% and BAL-CBNAAT( 89.74% and 75.40%).
Conclusion :According to the present study, as compared to sputum induced for AFB detects 4(8%) positive cases and BAL CBNAAT detects 35 (70%) positive cases. In a large proportion of cases, fiber optic bronchoscopy (BAL) aids in the early detection of pulmonary tuberculosis that’s produces negative smear tests. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy is crucial in the diagnosis of patients with tuberculosis who were unable to generate sputum or whose sputum smears was negative. In some circumstances, it is both helpful and required.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) has affected humans for most of their history and remains a major cause of mortality in adults worldwide Prevalence of Tuberculosis (TB) has been on a dangerous and positive spike for over a decade and has killed millions of people year on year. Almost, 1.3 million people in 2012 alone lost their lives to TB. As per the massive prevalence of TB, it would be incorrect to say that the disease does not poses like a pandemic. Alongside HIV, it remains a top cause of death from an infectious disease. Hence the present study was planned to evaluate the role of fiberoptic bronchoscopy in sputum negative pulmonary tuberculosis cases.
Materials and Methods: The study was carried out at Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Era's Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Lucknow. Sputum smear negative presumptive patients of PTB. All the relevant samples were sent for Cartridge based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT)/genexpert for BAL, post bronchoscopy sputum, bronchial aspirate, TBLB, Endobronchial biopsy and Transbronchial needle aspiration. Culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) was also obtained for all the patients. Culture is done on liquid media (MGIT).
Results: Majority of patients in the study population were adults: 21-60 years (82.6%), while only a small proportion of patients were aged ≤20 years and >60 years (8.7% each). Majority of patients in the study population presented with Cough (88.0%), Fever (78.3%), Loss of appetite (67.4%), Expectoration (63.0%) & Weight loss (56.5%). Majority of patients had negative CBNAAT (81.5%), AFB (95.7%) and Culture (77.2%) for Bronchial Aspirate. Thus indicating that fiberoptic bronchoscopy helps in establishing the diagnosis.
Conclusion: Considering the short processing time and high diagnostic efficacy, CBNAAT evaluation of bronchoalveolar lavage for detection of tuberculosis among sputum/smear negative tuberculosis cases is highly recommended

Background:TUBERCULOSIS (TB) is one of the oldest and deadliest disease in the
world and also major health problem, archaeological evidences from ancient civilizations
have shown the existence of tuberculosis in the prehistoric era. Even though effective
chemotherapy for tuberculosis has been available for decades, TB still remains a public health
challenge all over the world. Even though the disease is curable, 2million deaths occurring
every year that is some 5000 deaths occurring everyday