European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Aim: To compare the effects of fentanyl 25microgram and clonidine 30 microgram as
additives to 3 ml of 0.5 % hyperbaric bupivacaine for spinal anaesthesia in lower
extremity orthopedic and urological surgeries.
Materials and methods: This prospective, randomized, double blind study was
conducted on 60 adult patients of ASA physical status 1 & 2 in the age group of 20 years
to 60 years, posted for elective lower limb and urological surgeries under spinal
anaesthesia. Patients belonging to group BF received 3 ml (15 mg) of hyperbaric
bupivacaine (0.5 %) + 0.5 ml (25 microgram) fentanyl. Patients of group B received 3
ml (15 mg) of hyperbaric bupivacaine (0.5 + 0.2 ml (30 microgram) clonidine + 0.3 ml of
normal saline. The following parameters were observed - onset and duration of sensory
block, onset and duration of motor block, durations of complete and effective analgesia
and any side effects associated with these drugs.
Results: The present study showed that the duration of sensory and motor block was
prolonged with the addition of 30 microgram clonidine to intrathecal hyperbaric
bupivacaine as compared to 25 micrograms of fentanyl, same as the duration of
complete and effective analgesia. Both groups were comparable in hemodynamic
stability and there were no significant adverse effects.
Conclusion: Compared to fentanyl 25 microgram, clonidine 30 microgram as additive to
intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine for spinal anaesthesia, prolonged the duration of
complete and effective analgesia, which was statistically significant