European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Background: Symptomatic deviated nasal septum is one of the most common diagnosis in otolaryngology. Nasal obstruction is most common presentation of the symptomatic DNS. Diagnosis can be made reliably through patient symptoms and examination. The diagnostic accuracy can be increased greatly by anterior rhinoscopy and diagnostic nasal endoscopy (DNE) Aim: To evaluate Anterior Rhinoscopy and Diagnostic Nasal Endoscopy findings in patients with symptomatic Deviated Nasal Septum (DNS). Methods: A profile of 120 Patients with chief complaints of nasal obstruction and findings of deviated nasal septum with or without inferior turbinate hypertrophy on anterior rhinoscopy  attending the department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Government Medical College Srinagar, over a period of 18 months were included after fulfilling the inclusion criteria in this study. Results: In this study,120 patients were enrolled, majority of the patients (~80%) were young <30 years old. Most common presentation was nasal obstruction in 120(100%) patients. On examination C shaped DNS was seen in 93 (77.5%) patients followed by S shaped DNS in 17 (14.2%) patients and C/S shaped DNS with spur was noted in 10 (8.3%) patients, among 120 patients, 22 (18.3%) had hypertrophied inferior turbinate on anterior rhinoscopy. On DNE Most common type of DNS (Mladina classification) was type 2 in 52 (43.3%) patients, followed by type 3 in 35 (29.2%) patients, type 4 in 18 (15.0%) patients, type 5 in 6 (5.0%) patients, type 1 in 5 (4.2%) patients and type 6 in 4 (3.3%) patients. 10 (8.3%) had bullous middle turbinate. Middle meatus discharge was seen in 10 (8.3%) patients. Sphenoethmoidal recess secretions were seen in 1(0.8%) patient.  Paradoxical middle turbinate and accessory ostia were seen in 12 (10%) patients and 2 (1.7%) patients respectively. Conclusion: Preoperative evaluation with anterior rhinoscopy and diagnostic nasal endoscopy is adequate in most of the cases of symptomatic DNS. It is particularly important in developing countries were CT scans are not readily available and that x ray exposure can be avoided by a thorough clinical examination.

Background: To study the clinical features of nasal polyp.
Materials & methods: A total of 20 subjects were enrolled. Patients presenting with clinical features of nasal polyp, of all age groups and both sexes, and also recurrence cases were included. The two types of polyps were included as ethmoidal and antrochoanal polyps. They were further divided as unilateral or bilateral. Data was collected and results were evaluated using SPSS software.
Results: A total of 20 subjects were enrolled. The most common symptom was nasal obstruction seen in 18 subjects (90%), followed by sneezing present in 11 subjects (55%) followed by headache in 10 subjects (50%) and nasal discharge in 8 (40%). Epistaxis was the least seen in 1 patient (5%).
Conclusion: Antrochoanal polyps had 100% unilateral presentation with predominance of right side (60%).

Background:Septoplasty (surgical correction of the deviated septum) is the most frequently
performed ear, nose, and throat operation in adults, but its effectiveness has long been
questioned. Nasal obstruction is the most common complaint in majority of these patients.
There are two potential ways to assess the outcome of surgery after septoplasty: objective and
subjective measures. Subjective assessment is done in our study with Nasalobstruction
symptom evaluation (NOSE) scoring. In the present study the effectiveness of septoplasty in
treating nasal obstruction and its effect on quality oflife was evaluated.
Materials and Methods: A prospective randomized study was done on 120 patients with
symptomatic deviated nasal septum. Follow up was done for a period of 6 months after
surgery. NOSE scoring was used to analyze the severity of symptoms both preoperatively and
postoperatively and diagnostic nasal endoscopy done to compare the results and to look for
residual deviations.
Results: Statistically significant improvement was observed in mean NOSE score duringthe
follow up visits. The mean value increment was 48.33 and 49.8 after 3 months and 6 months
respectively following surgery (p <0.0001). Each individual symptom score improvement
was also compared which showed a significant improvement in allthe four symptom scores
out of five. Diagnostic nasal endoscopic evaluation also showed promising results with less
residual deformity on follow up.
Conclusion: Septoplasty is an effective surgical procedure for deviated nasal septum which
produces significant symptomatic relief for the patient. Nasal obstruction symptom
evaluation (NOSE) questionnaire effectively assessed the improvement in quality of life
among the symptomatic patients.