European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Globally, cervical cancer(CC) is the second most common cancer among women, and persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV), is associated with the causes of cervical cancer along with host genetic factors. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase is a major enzyme in folate metabolism and is required for several biological processes. The MTHFR gene's mutations may cause the enzyme's activity to decline. The functional single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) C677T in the 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene can reduce enzyme activity and alter the chemosensitivity of tumour cells. The present study aimed to look into the role of MTHFR gene polymorphism in the aetiology of cervical cancer in Eastern Indian women. In a case-control study, biochemical analysis was carried out using a commercially available ELISA kit.
In contrast, genetic analysis (PCR-RFLP of peripheral leucocytes) was carried out on all women with cervical cancer and controls. Statistical analysis was done by using the student "t-test" for quantitative variables and the chi-square test for nominal variables, and the odds ratio & 95% confidence interval was calculated the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval to estimate risk. The frequencies of MTHFR C677C, C677T, and T677T were 27.62, 57.62, and 12% in the cervical cancer subjects and 95, 5, and 0.00% in the controls, respectively.  Folate and homocysteine levels showed statistically significant differences between these two groups; however, an increasing trend of homocysteine levels was associated with an increasing rate of cervical cancer. We found a negative correlation between homocysteine and the biochemical parameter in the cases. In conclusion, our data suggest that the MTHFR C677T polymorphism, low folate, and vitamins B12 and B6 are associated with cervical cancer and act as "risk factors".

Background:Depression is a medical condition, illness of the brain in which an individual is conquered by the feeling of sadness, hopelessness, guilt and so on. Depression is one of the commonest human blight, mental illness causing more ‘years lost to disability’ (YLD) than any other illness and the sufferer learns to live with it, adapts it both mentally and physically. WHO fact sheets states that depression affects nearly 350 million people; yet, difficult to recognise initially, then diagnose and ultimately treat. Since the disease creates disinterest in day-to-day activities, it also affects dietary pattern of the person, leading to inadequate, imbalanced diet essential for maintaining mental health. B Complex vitamins; pyridoxal phosphate, folate and cobalamin plays an important role in maintaining good physical and mental health as these act as co-enzymes and co-factors in metabolic processes. Biosynthesis of GABA, the inhibitory neurotransmitter of the brain requires PLP. Aim and Objective: Estimateserum levels of vitamin B6, B9, B12along with GABA, TSH and total cholesterol in controls and the cases. To evaluate the association of study biochemical variables with disease severity.
Materials and Methods: Present study is an experimental case control study performedon 204 people (102 controls and 102 patients) including both males and females between 18-65 years of age. Participants demoFigureic factors were recorded and biochemical variables were assayed. Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17 items(HDRS) was used to rate the severity of depression.
Results: Most patients 47.1% enrolled in the study had mild form of depression. Females, married individuals, less educated and those belonging to middle income group of individuals of the study were more depressed. Serum levels of vitamin B6, B9, B12 were much lower in depressed subjects. Whereas, GABA levels were elevated in depressive patients.
Conclusion: Findings of the resultant study shows low levels of pyridoxal phosphate, folate, cobalamin and total cholesterol and higher GABA levels in newly diagnosed depression patients.