European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Background: The endometrium which lines the uterine cavity is one of most dynamic tissues in the human body. The endometrial sampling is chosen to evaluate abnormal uterine bleeding. Chronic endometritis is considered as an infectious or a reactive process
Materials and Methods: It is a prospective study done for period of 2 years in Department of Pathology, Government  Maternity Hospital, Hyderabad. Sample size was 50. All cases of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Reproductive age group were chosen and their endometrial curettage samples were processed, histopathological & immunohistochemical study was done. The results obtained were tabulated & assessed statistically.
Results: The present study showed that Staining with Immunohistochemical marker CD 138(Syndecan -1) could detect the presence of Plasma cells which were not seen in normal H & E staining. The 16 cases which showed the presence of plasma cells on H & E were positive for CD 138 and other 21 cases showed positivity for CD138 indicating presence of plasma cells in the endometrial stroma though they were not detected in routine H & E staining. The results obtained were statistically significant with ‘p’ value <0.05.
Conclusion: Syndecan-1(CD138) immunohistochemistry can improve the Chronic Endometritis diagnosis rate. Approximately half of the cases of chronic endometritis responded to an antibiotic regime; thus, this diagnosis is important and may potentially obviate the need for surgical intervention

BACKGROUND and OBJECTIVE: The incidence of multiple myeloma varies among different ethnic group and among different countries but from past few years its incidence is increasing in Asian countries. In India due to financial constraints, lack of adequate health infrastructure and lack of knowledge among people lead to delay in the treatment of Multiple Myeloma and it became a challenge to medical field in India. The objective of the study is to study the various parameters and its incidence in Multiple Myeloma patients.
METHODS: This is a cross sectional study conducted in the department of medicine and oncology of tertiary care hospital of north India. Data was taken from 2015-2022, 102 cases of multiple myeloma was diagnosed out of which 2 were excluded. The diagnosis was made based on the International Myeloma Working Group: Criteria for the classification of monoclonal gammopathies, multiple myeloma and related disorder. The demographic profile, clinical symptoms and laboratory parameters were studied.
RESULTS: Multiple Myeloma was most common in 5^th decade with male predominance and more common in urban population. Most common symptom was bone pain 63 (63%) and weight loss (9%) least common.  65% had anaemia, 18% had renal insufficiency and 34% had hypercalcemia. All of the patients had M-band in gamma globulin region with 48% had ISS stage 1. 70(70%) had lytic lesions in the skull.
INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION: To conclude majority of the patients of Multiple Myeloma were males and majority were farmers. Majority of patients were from urban area. Bone pain being the most common symptom followed by the fatigue. Anaemia and Hypercalcemia were less common in our study population. Most of the patients had ISS stage 1. The presentation of MM varies among patients and with adequate health infrastructure better outcome and early diagnosis of multiple myeloma will be there.