European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Aims & Objectives:Clinico-pathological analysis of all cases diagnosed as MM. To find genetic abnormalities by cytogenetics & fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) in this heterogenous group.
Material and Method: All the cases of MM diagnosed between January 2012 to July 2014 were included in the study. The clinical details including presentation, electrophoresis, renal parameters were taken from clinical records. The bone marrow slides were retrieved and reviewed. Conventional cytogenetics and FISH analysis was performed in 14 and 8 patients respectively.
Results: The study included 45 patients in the age range of 40-82 years with male predominance (M:F=1.5:1). Most of the patients (21) presented with complaints of back pain and weakness. Renal dysfunction was seen in 29 patients with mean creatinine of 2.5mg/dl. Immunoelectrophoresis revealed M band in 19 cases. The bone marrow plasma cell ranged from 15% to 90%. The commonest morphology was that of Marshalko type whereas plasmablastic type was rare. The cytogenetic abnormalities detected were aneuploidy, trisomy 1 and 9, 13q deletion.
Conclusion: This study reflects our experience of 45 patients of MM with respect to clinical features, bone marrow morphology and cytogenetic analysis.

Background: Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are clonal-origin hematopoietic stem cell disorders. Molecular studies in case of BCR-ABL negative MPN (JAK2v617F, CALR and MPL) have revolutionised the diagnostic approach of MPNs. PV is expected to be almost always accompanied by a JAK2 mutation, whereas the specific driver mutation cannot otherwise distinguish one MPN from another; however, in distinguishing ET from pre -PMF or PV, a higher JAK2V617F allele burden favours the diagnosis of the latter rather than the former.
Method: This was a cross – sectional study, for 18 months from from 1st November 2019 to 30th May2021 including  review of clinical presentation, peripheral blood, BMA, and BMB along with clinical features in cases with BCR- ABLand JAK2V617F CALR and MPL mutation analysis.
Result: There was 100% level of agreement between Bone Marrow Morphology and molecular studies in case of 16 CML patients diagnosed on bone marrow morphology (BCR-ABL positive). But in case of BCR-ABL negative MPNs out of 16 cases only 13 showed genetic mutation which included JAK2V617F and CALR gene mutation.
Conclusion: Multimodal approach is needed for classifying MPNs .Increased knowledge about molecular alteration has led to drastic shift in classification of MPNs, with molecular features gaining importance and resulting in entities defined in part or even exclusively, by recurrent genetic alterations.

This study was done to assess the morphological changes in peripheral blood smears during COVID-19 infection .We aimed to examine the characteristics of the cells detected in the peripheral blood smear and bone marrow at the time of diagnosis in COVID-19 patients. Clinical features, laboratory data, peripheral blood smear of 35patients diagnosed with COVID-19 by PCR was evaluated at diagnosis. Peripheral smear samples of the patients were compared with the age and sex-matched 35 healthy controls. The relationship between the laboratory values of all patients and the duration of hospitalization was analyzed. Peripheral smear shows neutrophilic leucocytosis, lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia while Bone marrows were normocellular to hypercellular, most showing maturing trilineage hematopoiesis with myeloid left shift. In 09 out of 35 evaluable bone marrows, hemophagocytic histiocytes were identified.