European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Introduction: Mandible is the second most common facial fracture after nasal bone. There has been a significant increase in the number of cases in recent years. Mandibular fractures constitute a substantial proportion of maxillofacial trauma cases in Ranchi and adjacent districts. Road traffic accidents were the most common cause of fracture with para symphysis being the commonest site. There was no gender bias in etiology with number of fracture sites.
Method: This is an observational study design done in the period between March 2021 to August 2022 in the department of ENT at RIMS Ranchi. The study comprises of35 patients of mandibular fracture that were included. This study evaluated the pattern of mandibular fracture, on the basis of site involved presenting at RIMS Ranchi.
Results: The study reviewed 35 patients with mandibular fractures of age ranging from 18-70 years significantly higher for males. The highest incidence (60%) of mandibular fractures was in the age group of 21–35 years. The main cause were road traffic accidents (RTAs, 85.7%) followed by assaults (8.5%) and other reasons (5.7%). Parasymphyseal fractures were the most frequent (71.4%), followed by condyle (8.5%) and angle (8.6%) fractures in occurrence.
Conclusion: The mechanism of injury correlates significantly with the anatomic location of fracture. In contrary to the general teaching, here in this study, instead of condylar, parasymphysis fracture was the most common presenting type of mandibular fracture; thus, a surgeon should better know all the aspect of management of this type. Because RTAs are the most frequent cause, every centre should follow basic ATLS protocol simultaneously with management of mandibular fracture.