European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Background
Transfusion-transmitted infections threaten the safety of patients who require a blood transfusion, which in turn imposes serious challenges for the availability of safe blood products that are still affordable in healthcare systems with limited resources.
Aim of the study
The aim of the study was to determine the seroprevalence of transfusion-transmitted infections in blood donors at TMU Blood Bank and access the level of safety.
Method
A laboratory-based descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2022 to Dec 2022. A qualitative study was carried out to access serological analysis of replacement and voluntary donors at TMU Blood Bank. The total number of donors screened during this period was 776. The donors were requested to fill out a detailed questionnaire and were screened for HIV, HBV, HCV, and Syphilis with a rapid immune-chromatographic kit. The results were expressed in tables and figures.
Results
Out of 776 donors, 676(98.7%) were replacement and only 10(1.29%) were voluntary donors. Male donors were predominant constituting 676(87.12%) and only 100 (12.88%) female donors. The seroprevalence of TTIs in the present study was 1.42%. Syphilis (0.77%) was the most prevalent TTI followed by HBV (0.51%). A low prevalence of HCV (0.13%) was found and HIV was not detected in any donors in the present study. The highest prevalence of TTIs was observed in the young age group of 18-25 years followed by 26-40 years.

Background: Medical audit forms a component of quality assurance and quality improvement in health care delivery.It is very important for a transfusion service to know exactly how many blood products it issues, as well as the disposition of every unit. In many countries, it is a legal mandate for the transfusion service to be able to account for every unit that it issues, from donor to recipient.
Objective: To evaluate ongoing transfusion services at a tertiary care centre.
Methodology: We have conducted an audit over a period of 12 months from oct 2020 to Sept  2021. The Data obtained, regarding the utilization of 5034  units of various blood components i.e. red cell concentrate, whole blood, platelets and frozen plasma (FFP) during that period, was compiled and analyzed further to evaluate the transfusion services, the pattern of blood component request and utilization.
Results: Maximum demand was received from Intensive care unit (n= 2500) followed by the department of Medicine(n=590) and followed by Surgery (n=587) Maximum  utilization of blood units was noticed in the Medicine unit with C/T ratio 1.10:1 Of total 1995 units demand for FFP & platelets, FFP demand was 56.44% (n= 1126) and platelets demand was 43.56% (n= 869). 1206 units demand for FFP resulted in transfusion in 1084 patients (average 1.11 units/ patient) with maximum demand from ICU (26.36%) followed by the department of Medicine (12.46%) .Total 869 units of platelet were transfused and the most common indication was thrombocytopenia.
Conclusion: Every health care institute must develop distinct transfusion guidelines based on the nature of emergency & routine services and the subsequent implementation of such guidelines, through the institutional transfusion committee to assure effective blood utilization is must. The Transfusion practice of the Blood bank is 100% Blood component .The practice of whole blood transfusion is abandoned.

Objective: The aim of study was to ensure supply of safe and efficient blood transfusion to
patient and to prevent Transfusion Transmitted Diseases.
Methods: The present study included data of routine monthly analysis of whole blood and
blood components which was collected from archives of blood bank from the period of 1st
January 2018 to 31st December 2019. Data was collected for the above mentioned period in
which blood was collected from 2520 healthy donors in sterile single, double or triple blood
bags with anticoagulant Citrate Phosphate Dextrose Adenine 1 (CPDA 1) after taking written
consent.
Result: Mean volume was 65.5 mL with range of 50-70 mL. Mean WBC contamination was
1.4×108/unit with a range of 0.15-5.5×108/unit. Mean RBC contamination was
0.077×1012/liter with a range of 0.05- 0.14x1012/liter.
Conclusion: Quality indicators should be well-defined, regularly monitored and properly
documented. Quality Control is an important tool to ensure maximum benefit to patient with
minimum cost and maximum advantage and minimizing requirement of transfusion to patient
and Prevention of risk of Transfusion Transmitted Diseases.

Blood donation is the process of collecting, testing, preparing and storing blood and their components. Blood helps to carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. Blood donation is a remarkably safe medical procedure. Blood can save millions of lives and young people are the hope and future of a safe blood supply in the world. The collection of blood donors is an important measure for ensuring the availability and safety of blood transfusion. Blood transfusion is one of the most important essential needs to manage patients suffering from various medical conditions. Nowadays, voluntary blood donors are the only source of blood in the blood banks.A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among undergraduate dental college students aged 18-25 years to access their knowledge,attitude and practice regarding blood donation . A total of 200 participants were involved in the study. Self administered questionnaire of close ended questions was prepared and it was distributed among undergraduate dental college students through online survey forms “GOOGLE FORMS”. SPSS software was used to analyse the results. Chi square test was used as inferential statistics. In the present study, the majority of the study participants 87% agreed that blood donation is important . About 85.5% of the participants have positive feelings about blood donation and only 14.5% have negative feelings about blood donation. Interestingly, about 71.5% have donated blood voluntarily . About 82.5% were aware of the minimum weight required for donating blood and 17.5% were not aware of the minimum weight required for donating blood . 66% of the participants responded correctly to June 14th as World Blood Donor's Day . Only 22.5% responded to O negative group as universal blood donor group. In the present study, Knowledge, attitude, practice regarding blood donation is moderate among the dental undergraduate. For further augmentation
,awareness should be created through various programs and published to the public