European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Introduction:Depression is a global mental health issue. Vulnerability for this condition increases in the university student population, specifically medical and health science disciplines. Previous evidence showed that religiosity and spirituality were inversely linked with depression. They have also been predominantly treated as one construct. Still, the mechanisms of these relationships are vague.
 
Objective: This study aims to investigate moderating roles religious and spiritual coping played on the relationships between religiosity, spirituality and depression among medical and health sciences students.
 
Methods:A total of 151 medical and health science students were recruited from various universities across Malaysia. Beck’s Depression Inventory second edition (BDI-II) was used to measure depression and depressive symptoms, the Duke University Religion Index (DUREL) was used to measure religiosity, and the Spirituality Scale (SS) was used to measure the beliefs, intuitions, lifestyle choices, practices, and rituals representative of the human spiritual dimension.Whilstthe brief scale of religious coping (RCOPE) and spiritual coping questionnaire (SCQ)were used to assess positive and negative religious and spiritual coping respectively.
 
Results:Negative religious coping played a moderating role in the relationship between religiosity and depression. Similarly, negative spiritual coping also played a moderating role between spirituality and depression.
 
Conclusion:These findings give insight into this population. It also provides avenues for psychoeducation and intervention. The ramifications of these findings may be applicable at the society as well as the government and policy making level in Malaysia.  

Introduction: Depression is a global mental health issue. Vulnerability for this condition increases in the university student population, specifically medical and health science disciplines. Previous evidence showed that religiosity and spirituality were inversely linked with depression. They have also been predominantly treated as one construct. Still, the mechanisms of these relationships are vague.
 
Objective: This study aims to investigate mediating roles religious and spiritual coping played on the relationships between religiosity, spirituality and depression among medical and health sciences students.
 
Methods: A total of 151 medical and health science students were recruited from various universities across Malaysia. The BDI-II, DUREL, Spirituality Scale (SS), RCOPE and SCQ were the measures used in this study.
 
Results: Religious coping (Positive) was responsible for full mediation between religiosity and depression. Positive spiritual coping partially mediated between spirituality and depression, while negative spiritual coping had a slight partial mediating effect.

This article presents a systematic analysis of the study of life and work of ShukurKhalmirzayev, the outstanding representative of Uzbek literature of the XX century with honorary title of “People’s writer”. In fact, since he was a multifaceted writer, the article reveals his contribution to the development of various genres of prose - novel, short story, novel, essay, as well as drama and journalism. It is pointed out that ShukurKhalmirzayev created a new school in the genre of story in Uzbek national literature. He was emphasized as the owner of a rare talent as a result of a consistent analysis, study of the stages of formation of the writer’s work, his contribution to domestic and world literature.

The term Religion and Spirituality are to be sure proportional of neither one another, however neither they are unfavourably inverse nor the equivalent. Religion and Spirituality are two untethered facts of uncanny reality. Religion is set of creeds, confidence, and ceremonies laid or established on supernaturally mediating belief systems (at any rate that is what is assumed by adherents) which gather devotees into a strict network maybe continuing a moral and good exchange with Spirituality. The term Spirituality exclusively bears no weight; in any case, it flourishes deliberately on pieces and pulsates of religion on a mundane scale. Methodologically this paper depends on non-empirical investigation, different writing have been skimmed and checked on. Accordingly an endeavour by the methods for this paper has been made to figure an investigation in the terms of Religion and Spirituality. In addition this article will assist with breaking down the sociological comprehension and will carry on to two isolated but intermingled terms Religion and Spirituality at this point.