European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

The research will link these parameter levels and predict asthma severity to assist clinicians diagnose and treat asthma and avoid abrupt and severe airway blockage in patients with hyperirritability of airways and other allergic disorders, which are at high risk for deadly asthma. 
Method: Department of Biochemistry, Osmania general hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, conducted the investigation on 80 asthmatics and 40 controls who participated in the research. Total Cholestrol, Triglycerides, HDL, LDL, VLDL, Calcium, and Iron were measured. SPSS 17.0 was used to statistically examine the data.
Result: In stable asthma patients, Cholesterol, LDL, Triglycerides, Calcium, Iron, and HDL were significantly correlated. Exacerbating asthma had lower serum very low density lipoprotein, higher serum calcium levels and has higher serum iron concentrations than stable asthma.
Conclusion: In order to help doctors in the diagnosis and treatment of asthma and avoid abrupt and severe airway obstruction in hyperirritable airways, the current research examined lipid profile, calcium, and iron in aggravating and stable asthma patients

Gallstones represent a significant public health problem in
modern societies, affecting 10% to 15% of the adult population. The types of gallstones
include mixed, cholesterol and pigment stones. This study was aimed to evaluate the serum
lipid profile and common bile duct diameter in patients with gallstones pre-operatively and
post operatively and to establish the effect of cholecystectomy on lipid profile and common
bile duct dimensions.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in Narayana Medical College and
Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India. This was a prospective observational study carried
out from August 2019 to March 2020.
Results: Out of total 50 cases, 29 cases (58%) were female and remaining 21cases (42%)
were male.Highest number of cases were in the age group 30-40 years (38%) followed by
30% between 40 to 50 years of age.In the present study, there was decrease in Total
Cholesterol levels, Low density lipoprotein (LDL) and Very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)
levels 1 week after surgery, 1 and 3 months after surgery. Triglycerides (TG) levels initially
increased after 1 week and decreased significantly 1 and 3 months after surgery. Significant
increase in HDL levels are seen after 1week which continued till 3months after surgery.
The current study showed an significant increase in CBD diameter of 0.53, 0.76 and 1.07 mm
in 1week, 1month and 3 months respectively after surgery.
Conclusion: It can be concluded from this study that cholecystectomy results in
normalization of lipid levels.And also increases the diameter of Common bile duct but within
physiological limits of that age and sex group

Backgroundandobjectives: Colostrum, the first fluid generated by mothers, is distinct in its nutrient quality and non-nutritive bioactive substances that promote survival and good growth. The research analyzes total proteins, triglycerides, immunoglobulin A, lactose, and calcium in normal colostrum with PIH, GDM, and Anaemia individuals in primigravida to see if there are significant alterations. 
Methods:The research was done on lactating mothers from the Deccan College of Medical Science, Hyderabad, India, with their approval. 80 postpartum women involved in the study, 20 as controls and 60 as instances of PIH, anaemia, and GDM. All cases were examined for protein, triglycerides, IgA, lactose, and calcium. SPSS 17.0 was used to analyse the data. Descriptive results are presented as mean and SD of several groups.
Result:Normal blood pressure (controls) was 120+6.5 mm Hg systolic and 79+3.1 mm Hg diastolic without oedema or proteinuria. Haemoglobin is 10.8+0.7g/dl. PLBS=130.7+7.6 and FBS=949.5. (92+14.6 mg/dl) Normal FBS and PLBS OGTT results. 122.5+7.8 mm Hg systolic, 74+6.8 mm Hg diastolic, 40% (8/20) oedema, 70% proteinuria. PIH, anaemia, and GDM diminish protein (p<0.005). PIH and anaemia had higher triglycerides than GDM (p<0.005). GDM exhibited more IgA than anaemia and PIH. GDM has greater mean lactose levels than anaemia, PIH, and the control group. Lactose levels are similar in anaemia and controls. (p<0.005) Anaemia, PIH, and GDM lower calcium.
Conclusion:Human milk contains number of of bioactive substances that fight infection, inflammation, immunological maturation, organ development, and healthy microbial colonisation. Pregnancy hypertension impacts lactogenesis and colostrum content.  Nutrition impacts milk composition. GDM affects pregnant women, mother and infant. Screening, diagnosing, and treating hyperglycemia are critical for mother and child. Regardless of diet, multivitamins are required throughout lactation. The study can't characterise all bioactive human milk components.

Aim and Objectives: Type I Diabetes mellitus previously classified as juvenile diabetes is supposed to cause derangements in lipid metabolism, consequent on impaired glucose metabolism just like type II diabetes mellitus. If these patients are early diagnosed and properly treated, with good control of diabetes, degenerative changes may be postponed or stopped (or) onset may not occur. Aim is to Study lipoprotein patterns and disturbances in lipid metabolism in cases of type I diabetes mellitus, who are on regular treatment with Insulin.
Materials and Methods: Glucose tolerance test and lipid profile in IDDM patients is done and compared with same biochemical parameters with the healthy non diabetic controls. Cases are being selected from the medical wards of Govt., General Hospital, and Guntur. Cases of about 35 diabetics (IDDM) of both sexes, of various age groups from 6 to 40 years, without clinically manifested complications were investigated. At the same time about 35 controls of nondiabetic healthy persons without hyperglycemia and glycosuria were investigated for comparison with the cases.
Results: The mean HDL cholesterol level for IDDM patients is 37.514 mg % (S.D = + 6.213). In case of normals, the HDL-C is 43.57 mg% (S.D = +6.31) P value is 0.01. So there is significant decrease in HDLC in IDDMpatients compared with normals. The mean VLDL-C level for IDDM patients is 46.25 mg% (S.D= + 9.419) and the mean VLDLC concentration in case of normals is 29.71mg% (S.D± 10.53) P value is 0.01. So VLDL-C is increased in IDDMpatients compared with normals.The mean LDL-C concentration for IDDM patients is 141.971ng% (S.D+51.64) and the mean LDL-C concentration in case of normal94.51 mg% (S.D± 21.88) P value is .01. So there is increasedconcentration of LDL-C in IDDM patients compared with normals. The LDL-C and HDL-C ratio is more in case of IDDM patents compared with normals.
Discussion: The history of the patients is studied. None of them are smokers (or) Alcholics (or) with abnormal food habits leading to obesity. So the basis of the study of lipoproteins is purely is in relation to type I Diabetes mellitus. None of the patients showed any signs and symptoms of cardiac insufficiency (or) cardiomyopathy symptoms. The lipoprotein pattern studied in these patients have shown significant rise of LDL-C in almost all the patients. Mild rise of Triglycerides is seen in all the patients with the mean of 242.628 mg %. The patients studied are on treatment with insulin for more than one year and are with adequate control. Inspite of their treatment of diabetes with insulin therapy, the observation is that, there is increase in cholesterol and triglyceride levels. This indicates that Acetyl COA and FFA are shunted towards fat synthesis. HDL fraction is seen in all the patients studied by lipoprotein pattern. The mean value of HDL obtained is 37.5 mg% for normal controls LDL, HDL and VLDL are lower range than Type I diabetes patients.
Conclusion: This study shows that if the patients with diabetes are on regular treatment with insulin and maintaining the normal blood sugar levels, the complications are postponed and less likely to appear. Those whose GTT is increased showing increased or abnormal blood sugar levels have altered or increased lipoprotein levels. This increased lipoproteins may lead to cardiovascular complications in future which life are threatening

Background: To study serum insulin levels and atherosclerotic markers in patients with
acanthosis nigricans in a rural tertiary care center.
Materials and Methods: It was a Cross sectional study. The study was conducted in the
Departments of Biochemistry and Dermatology, Venereology, Leprosy (DVL), at
Kamineni Institute of Medical Sciences, India.
Results: Total number of patients recruited for the study was 50. Mean age of the
patient was 26.8 years. Females (60%) have outnumbered males (40%). Overall
majority of the acanthosis nigricans patients were students (46%). Among females
majority of them were housewives (22%). In a majority of the patients, neck was the
initial site of darkening (82%). Most of them have duration of darkening of skin for
more than one year (64%) and 84% of the patients had an insidious onset. Forty six
percent of patients had associated medical illness such as hypothyroidism (22%),
diabetes mellitus (10%), hypertension (8%), polycystic ovarian syndrome (4%),
psoriasis (2%). Neck(98%) is the most common site of acanthosis nigricans followed by
axilla(88%); elbow(42%); periorbital region(36%); groin(34%); knees(24%);
temples(22%); infralabial region(20%); antecubital fossa(14%); perioral and perinasal
(12% each); knuckles(10%); skin over hyoid bone(8%); sides of waist and
inframammary areas(6% each) and popliteal fossa(2%). Out of 50 patients, raised
serum insulin levels seen in 54% patients, of which 42% are non-diabetics and 12% are
diabetics. Also, 96% had normal fasting blood sugars (FBS <110mg/dL), 80% had
normal postprandial blood sugars (PPBS <140mg/dL). All patients (100%) had normal
total cholesterol (< 250mg/dL), 80% patients had normal HDLc (>35mg/dL), 98% had
normal LDLc (< 130mg/dL), 80% had normal triglycerides (<160mg/dL), 86% had
normal VLDLc < 40mg/dL, out of the total 50 patients with acanthosis nigricans.
Conclusion: Hypothyroidism was present in 22% of the patients with acanthosis
nigricans whereas diabetes mellitus was present in 10% of the patients with acanthosis
nigricans. Levels of fasting serum insulin were raised in 54% of patients having burke’s
neck severity score of 2, 3, 4 and neck texture score of 2,3 and axilla severity score of 2,3
in patients with acanthosis nigricans. About 20% of studied patients had decreased
HDL cholesterol levels(<35 mg/dL and increased serum triglycerides(>160 mg/dL).

Abstract. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of obesity in pregnant women in
the development of preeclampsia. All women were divided into 2 groups: the study group
included women with obesity (n=120) and the control group of pregnant women with
physiological course of pregnancy without obesity (n=60).