European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Background:The use of mobile phones operating in the 900 and 1800 MHz frequency
bands is widespread and increasing rapidly, the use of microwave (MW) at these
frequencies could cause some adverse biological effects. The present study was conducted
to assess effect of mobile phone usage on hearing.
Materials & Methods: 120 subjects of both genders were randomly divided into 3 groups of
40 each. Group I were those using mobile phones for > 1 hour per day, group II consists of
those who were using mobile phones for <1 hour per day and group III were those who did
not use mobile phones or very occasional users (<1 hour per week). All subjects were
subjected to tympanometry and distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) tests.
Results: There were 18 males and 22 females in group I, 20 males and 20 females in group
II and 17 males and 23 females in group III. Sensorineural hearing loss was seen among 7
in group I, 3 in group II and 1 in group III. Side was left in 3 and 2 and right in 4, 1 and 1
in group I, II and III respectively. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Frequency was
low seen in 17%, 23% and 20%, mid in 6%, 10% and 7% and high in 45%, 30% and 20% in
group I, II and III respectively. The difference was significant (P< 0.05).
Conclusion: Frequent use of mobile phones led to hearing loss among population.

Dewaxing is the process of removing wax from the ceramic mould which is covered with wax or melting the wax pattern out of ceramic mould. The heating should be rapid enough to minimise expansion of the wax in order to avert ceramic mould cracking and dimensional alteration. The current survey considers the benefits of helping out Dewaxing through the microwave over customary autoclave strategy for Dewaxing. The Microwave Dewaxing is feasible, fundamentally diminishing the fuse of soil and water, which is inescapable in the Autoclave Dewaxing process. This research is to utilise the advantages of Microwave Dewaxing and to get more knowledge about Microwave Dewaxing, exploring the efficacy of Microwave Dewaxing, and to know the efficiency of Microwave Dewaxing. This is a review study setting, evaluating the advantages of Microwave Dewaxing technique over Conventional Autoclave Method. Data for the study were collected from search engines like PUBMED, GOOGLE SCHOLAR, MeSH, Cochrane and Semantic Scholar. A total number of 35 articles were searched and a total number of 29 articles were selected. A number of articles with known concepts are 7, a total number of 8 articles with recent updates. The data obtained from the present study concludes that it may be useful for practitioners to make high quality dentures with minimal time expenditure when compared to Conventional Autoclave Dewaxing methods. This research will also be helpful to get more knowledge about the advantages of Microwave Dewaxing over Convention Autoclave Dewaxing systems.