European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Background: Imbalance still a common and fatal problem among the elderly population, increasing morbidity and mortality rate in society among the elderly, This study assessed the efficacy of galvanic vestibular stimulation on balance in the elderly.
Subjects and methods: Forty elderly patients of both sexes (23male and 17female) their age ranged from 60 to 70 years old were selected from the outpatient clinic of the Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University. The forty patients were divided into two groups; each group consisted of twenty patients. Group (A) performed a program of balance exercises in addition to galvanic vestibular stimulation 3times/week and group (B) control group performed a program of traditional balance exercises. The balance was assessed at the beginning of the study and after 12 weeks of treatment.
Results: Showed that there are no significant differences (P>0.05) for Biodex scores of both groups as the post- treatment mean values ± SD of the biodex scores for both groups (A and B) were (3.70±1.69 and 4.19±1.70), respectively and no significant differences for functional reaching test scores (P<0.05) as the post- treatment mean values ± SD of functional reaching test scores for both groups (A and B) were (21.61±2.44 and20.26±2.99), respectively.
Conclusion: it was found that galvanic vestibular stimulation was not considered an effective intervention in improving balance in elderly > 60 years.

Objective
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is regarded as the commonest and one of most known
inflammatory arthritis. Our study was to determine the effects of laser therapy and laser
acupuncture therapy on RA elderly patients.
Subjects and Methods
Forty patients with age of 65 to 75 years were being randomly allocated to 2 groups. Group(A)
included twenty participants having RA treated via low level laser therapy. Group(B) included
twenty participants having RA treated via laser acupuncture. All the patients underwent
treatment by methotrexate. Treatments were provided three times each week to the two groups
for twelve weeks.Independent laboratory technician and statistician were blinded to the study
groups.

Background/Aim: Sarcopenia is a syndrome characterized by progressive loss of muscle mass and strength with a risk of adverse clinical outcomes such as physical disability, reduced quality of life, and death. Oxidative stress and inflammatory processes are known as factors that trigger sarcopenia by releasing the catabolic stimuli of IL-6. Based on this we study the dynamics of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in elderly sarcopenia in Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital Makassar.Method: This study was an analytic cross-sectional design conducted at the Geriatric Polyclinic of Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar in March-June 2020. The assessed variables were degree of sarcopenia (probable sarcopenia, sarcopenia, dan severe sarcopenia) based on The European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2) criteria, age, sex, number of comorbids, and IL-6 levels examination. Statistical analysis was performed by descriptive statistical calculations and frequency distribution as well as the Independent-t statistical test, and Anova test. Results: Studied from 82 subjects (51 females, 62.2%) with the mean of 68.95 years of age. The prevalence of probable sarcopenia was 40.2%, sarcopenia 8.5%, severe sarcopenia 6.1%, and normal 45.1%. IL-6 levels were found to be significantly increased according to the severity of sarcopenia (normal, 52.81 ng/; probable sarcopenia, 67.47 ug/L; sarcopenia, 135.36 ng/L; and severe sarcopenia, 287.99 ng/L). Based on age, IL-6 levels increased significantly with age (60-74 years, 63.28 ng/L; 75 years, 139.35 ng/L). Based on the number of comorbids, IL-6 levels increased significantly according to the number of comorbids (1-3 comorbids, 52.86 ng/L; 4 comorbids (120.84 ng/L). Conclusion: In the elderly subject, IL-6 levels increases according to the severity of sarcopenia. IL-6 levels also increases with age, and the number of comorbids.

Background: The relationship between the oral health and nutritional status in the elderly is complex and controversial. It has been suggested that poor oral health and a decreased ability to chew have a profound influence on food selection, diet and thereby the nutritional status of the individual. Edentulous individuals consume diet that is lower in fruits, vegetables, protein and fiber as compared to dentate individuals due to decrease in ability to chew. If or not a combination of dietary advice along with prosthetic rehabilitation improves dietary intake is still not very clear. So, we are aimed to give dietary advice along with prosthetic treatment and thought of evaluating their nutritional status through OHIP-EDENT, Mini Nutritional Assessment test and serum ferritin levels at baseline, 6 months and 12 months.
Method/Outcome: A type of observational study in which 25 patients will be recruited after seeing into the inclusion and exclusion criteria and then these patients will be given complete denture prosthesis along with nutritional advice and the outcome will be assessed using OHIP-EDENT, Mini Nutritional Assessment Test and Serum Ferritin levels at baseline six and nine months. Expected Results: Simple dietary advice that can be implemented by a dentist would be more practical in clinical practice than tailored dietary counselling. So, giving simple nutritional advice in combination with new complete denture would improve nutrient intake among edentulous individuals

Systemic diseases have higher risk of compromised oral health like tooth loss, higher lifetime caries experience thus emphasising the significant relationship between systemic disease and oral conditions. Dental caries is considered a serious public health problem affecting the long term prognosis of teeth and contributes to a major global burden of oral diseases among adults. Hence, this study aims to assess the caries risk profile among adults with systemic disease. A retrospective study was conducted among 61 participants aged 35 years and above. Data was collected using the electronic patient records, between the time period of August 2019 - January 2020, yielding a total of 61 participants with complete data. Plaque accumulation score using Loe and Silness Index, dental caries experience, salivary flow rate, fluoride exposure were recorded and entered into Cariogram application, to generate a pie chart in order to categorise patients into different caries risk groups. Descriptive statistics and Chi square were performed to analyze the data. The mean age of the participants was 55.2±10.9 years. Among all participants, 40.9% had diabetes. When categories into different caries risk groups, 37.1% were categorised into “high medium risk” group. Statistical significant value of p <0.05 was found between cariogram score and systemic disease. Systemic diseases have a significant effect on the deterioration of oral health, especially in terms of carious lesions. Caries risk assessment should be carried out compulsorily for patients with systemic diseases to reduce the burden of dental caries, as an early assessment will lead to better prognosis and better quality of life.