European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

This article is based on the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Indian young people. This study focuses on the reason for increasing diabetes and it has been seen that employment and education is the major issues that make an impact on society. On the other hand, people are to much addicted to junk food, processed and ready-to-eat food that use harmful chemicals and artificial food substances. It may be responsible for hormonal imbalance and major health issues. Accordingly, this paper also discussed the psychological impact of diabetes Mellitus in the Indian young generation. There are two kinds of diabetes and both effects the other organs such as the kidney, liver, cornea, foot, skin, and many more

Aim: To develop, apply, and evaluate a virtual learning object (VLO) for teaching undergraduate dental students and paediatric dentists to diagnose and manage molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH).
Methodology: This controlled educational intervention included 170 undergraduate dental students and 50 paediatric dentists. The student intervention group (VLOG) was trained by the VLO, the control group of students (CG) received a synchronous virtual class, and the group of paediatric dentists (PDG) was trained by the VLO. Pre-test and post-test data were analyzed with a mixed one-way and Tukey's post hoc ANOVA test (α = 0.05).
Results: The values obtained in the pre-test were significantly lower than those obtained in the post-test for all groups. The specialists showed a higher level of knowledge before and after the MIH training compared with the students (p < .001). Similarly, statistical differences were found in the level of knowledge, which increased after MIH training (p < .001). There were no differences between the CG and VLOG.
Conclusion: The level of knowledge increased in all groups after training regardless of the method used. VLOG works similar to traditional teaching approaches.

Children in conflict countries are exposed to difficulties with an austere point of view for
their future. People residing in conflict-affected areas are denied their right to education,
admittance to aptitudes and information, and the path to a superior life for themselves and
their country. The present investigation is descriptive. In the current examination, the
investigator studied recent related literature and secondary data extensively like books, ebooks,
journals, editorials, and other reliable sources, which put forwarda more prominent
understanding of all possible and practical aspects of the research problem at hand.The
exploration reveals that conflict has taken a heavy toll on children and their right to
education concerning mental and physical health, school attendance, school closure, and
schooling capacity reduction. In addition to that, appalling levels of massacring,
mutilating, recruitment and denial of humanitarian access, committing rape and other
forms of sexual violence, engaging in attacks on schools; and abducting children in armed
conflict situations came under the domain of violations against children

In the article, from the standpoint of the competence-based development of the formation of professional competence and the system of moral education of students of a technical university, the organization of the educational trajectory of students of a technical university in teaching a foreign language is considered. This paper describes a system of educational activities for those employed in a foreign language, which is aimed at improving the moral education of students of a technical university.

Objective of the research was to find out the influence of education in preventing foot
ulcers on compliance in DM Type 2 patients. Material and Methods: the research used
quasi-experimental method with pretest-posttest control group design. It was done at USU
Hospital from July to August, 2019. The samples were 43 DM Type 2 patients in control
and intervention grouprespectively, taken by using convenience sampling technique. The
data were analyzed by using Wilcoxon statistic test. Result: the result showed that there
was the influence of education in preventing diabetic foot ulcers (p<0.05) on the level of
patients’ compliance. Conclusion: Education in preventing diabetic foot ulcers was done to
increase compliance in DM patients to prevent more complication and to increase the
quality of life the diabetic patients.

The article discusses innovative guidelines for improving the effectiveness of education in educational institutions, the problems of preparing teachers for innovative activities, and thus the modern requirements and principles of raising the efficiency of the education system to a new level.

The article discusses innovative guidelines for improving the effectiveness of education in educational institutions, the problems of preparing teachers for innovative activities, and thus the modern requirements and principles of raising the efficiency of the education system to a new level.

The conventional instruction of a dental specialist need set more terrific stress around
Creating Exceptionally skillful diagnostician alternately clinicians. Also need regularly left
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enters the 21st century, it countenances a regularly evolving populace & more ideas.
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that as with at other human services suppliers too. Rivalry inside the coliseum goes from
general dentists performing orthodontics, excessively numerous orthodontists Furthermore
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orthodontics. The indifferent methodology to developing a orthodontic act will no more
can. You quit offering on that one normal situation is that a lot of people orthodontists
aren’t certain regarding how should approach and succeed in the really thing they might
requirement. This article will support those post-graduates and the working on
orthodontists previously, overseeing their clinical act and any issues which they face
previously, normal act

In the article, from the standpoint of the competence-based development of the formation of professional competence and the system of moral education of students of a technical university, the organization of the educational trajectory of students of a technical university in teaching a foreign language is considered. This paper describes a system of educational activities for those employed in a foreign language, which is aimed at improving the moral education of students of a technical university

Background: Oral health is a part of general health and hence, has a direct bearing on the total well-being of individuals. Knowledge of oral health status and treatment needs of populations with different characteristics is important for developing appropriate preventive approaches.
Aim: The aim of the study is to determine the relationship between oral hygiene with socioeconomic status among 15 years old school going children of Lucknow city. Materials &
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. The schools were selected by simple random sampling method following the lottery method of selection. Simplified Oral Hygiene Index with Kuppuswamy’s socioeconomic status scale has been used. Results: As socio-economic status decreases; mean OHI-S increases. Comparing the mean OHI-S between different SES groups, ANOVA revealed significantly different OHI-S among the groups (F=38.84, p<0.001). Conclusion: The mean scores of OHI-S revealed a significant relation with socio-economic status. It was reported that as the socioeconomic status decreased, oral hygiene status of the children deteriorated.

Anti-corruption education for Sunday school children is a form of non-penal policy to eradicate corruption. The purpose of this study was to analyze how the form of non-penal policies to eradicate corruption committed through formal church education, namely Sunday school by instilling anti-corruption values in Sunday school children (ASM). The research method used is normative juridical research using a conceptual approach and a statutory approach. The data collection technique used was literature study and then analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that religious institutions through Sunday School Teachers (GSM) can play a role in tackling corruption through character education that contains anti-corruption values which are taught to Sunday school children every time they go to church. Anti-corruption values such as honesty, justice, discipline, responsibility, hard work, courage, independence, simplicity and care can be clearly explained to children through the method of telling stories about Bible characters, playing and singing together. By introducing and instilling anti-corruption values from the start to children, especially Sunday school children, through religious messages conveyed by GSM, children are expected to have anti-corruption characters from an early age so that they can form individuals with anti-corruption characteristics and high integrity.

There are many discussions and debates on the flipped classroom concepts in
the contemporary teaching approaches. Flipped classrooms are student-centered, short
tutorials and a few similar techniques that are spent for saving time. It gives massive scope
for active learning through other event participation and prioritizes the learners' interest. It
provides an enormous range for interactions among students, like the face-to-face discussion
between the students and student teachers interventions. It also initiates the pre-prepared
videos by the teachers and also by the experts in the content, keeping in mind the satisfaction
of the learner. Naturally, the teachers face initial problems in preparing the content and using
technology. The present paper discusses the pros and cons of the flipped classroom approach
and its need of the hour. It also pays attention to throw light on the challenges and prospects
while introducing it in the classroom. However, this study hopes to enhance the learner’s
involvement in the classroom activities.

In this article, the favorable conditions created for the development of public-private partnership in the field of preschool education have become a solid foundation for further increasing the number of non-governmental preschool institutions and expanding the range of services they provide. At the same time, the analysis considered the mechanisms for providing children with preschool education, filling preschool institutions with modern teaching materials and literature, qualified teachers and reforming the management system. One of the important conditions for this is the further improvement of the pre-school education system, ensuring equal access to quality pre-school education for children, the development of the private sector of pre-school education services, as well as Mechanisms for the development of scientifically based conclusions and recommendations on the implementation of measures set out in Resolution No. 3955.

This article is devoted to the issue of women in Turkestan in the last century, which includes parandja, discourses on parandja, the "Khudjum" movement, the role of women in spiritual and enlightenment life, social status in the family, the religious and political situation in Turkestan, the factors that led to the religious situation , gender characteristics have been analyzed in a historically retrospective, philosophical context. It also seeks to broaden the views of Eastern and Western ideologists on the subject of the parandja, the issue of women in Islamic and Sharia law, their rights, as well as a broad approach to the original goals and objectives of the work done in the discovery of a new modern female image.
At the end of the article it is stated in the proposals and comments that it is important to study and analyze the religious and political life of the past in order to find solutions to the problematic situations related to the religious factor in Uzbekistan today.

the article deals with the issues based on the efficiency of distance learning in teaching process. Further development of information technology, as well as distance learning of a foreign language is an inevitable process. The integration of distance education, in general, into the educational community, the inevitable virtualization of universities operating in the field of distance education, will lead distance learning of foreign languages to compulsory study not only in the context of independent discipline, but in combination with various courses. Based on the material of this work, it will increase the effectiveness of education in the field of learning foreign languages

This article deals with modern educational technologies and gender equality. Technology-oriented fields are still mostly male dominated. Increasing the number of women in natural science and technology careers remains an elusive goal in EU countries. Although gender equality and nondiscrimination have been critical, longtime concerns in education, gender-related divisions continue to occur in the field of technology and the subjects that pupils decide to study. Also, significant variations between girls’ and boys’ interest and behavior have been documented in technology education. In today’s society, technology education plays an important role in providing children with opportunities and in improving their ability to interact with everyday technologies. Technology education also equips children with the necessary knowledge to perform a wide variety of jobs. In order to introduce a more equitable gender balance in higher education, technology-oriented fields, and, consequently, in the corresponding labor market, we must continue to expand our knowledge on the impact of current technology education and focus on gender-related issues. This chapter aims to discuss gender-related topics in technology education and careers. Could technology education have an impact on women and girls or potentially influence their advancement in technology-oriented fields? With the goal of achieving greater gender equality in technology fields, this chapter concludes with further directions for research and suggestions for new ways of thinking.

This study aims to find out and examine the factors that affect the Quality of Madrasah Education, focusing on the Leadership of Madrasa Aliyah Principals, Madrasa Aliyah Climate, Teachers’ Performance in Teaching, Learning Facilities, and Community Participation and how much influence of the factors towards the quality of education in Madrasah. The design of this study is quantitative descriptive by: (1) identifying factors that affect the quality of madrasas, (2) identifying the functions of involvement of each factor, and (3) understanding the predictions of results. This study uses a survey method according to the characteristics of the variables studied. The object of his research was the Madrasa Aliyah teachers at Pati regency. Data were collected through questionnaire and observation. The population is the Madrasa Aliyah teachers who are in the Pati Regency area. In determining the sample, four sampling stages were carried out (multistage sampling), namely cluster-proportionate random sampling, simple random sampling, sampling techniques, and simple random sampling techniques. The results of research in the field and data analysis shows that the leadership of the head of the Madrasa Aliyah, the Climate of Islamic Senior High School, Teachers' Performance, Learning Facilities, and Community Participation significantly influence the quality of Madrasah education

There is broad consideration that ICT is a resource that promotes more meaningful learning, allowing students to acquire a set of skills considered key. These competencies allow him to face new challenges and solve difficulties both associated with the educational process and the context in which this student is located, making him more able to adapt the knowledge, skills and values acquired to reality. This article raises this issue by emphasizing the potentials of ICT in the classroom, in particular robotics, for both teachers and students. This means accepting that ICT has made changes to classroom interaction but, above all, in the methodology that vertebrates the teaching-learning process.
The main objective of this study is to know whether the motivation and interest of students is increased when using robotics in the classroom as a technique integrated into active methodologies focused on digital use and management while knowing more positive socio-affective relationships are established between students.
The methodological process adopted in the study responds to the quantitative paradigm. A sample of 150 secondary school students was used, who were given a questionnaire to learn about their perception of the use of educational robotics. The results have shown how the use of robotics increases motivation in the teaching-learning process and how the relationships between students have acquired positive value.
The results of the study also allow for a broader reflection of the educational community on an issue of interest to adapt teaching-learning processes to current needs: does the implementation of robotics in the teaching-learning process facilitate student training in different areas of knowledge and promote mechanisms that increase motivation?

Widely recognized as leading instrument of change, role of education in promoting economic and social development of society in post COVID-19 scenario can’t be overemphasized. Education is one of the very basic necessities required to successfully vitalize economic and social strata of any country. On economic front, paper compares different level of education and their respective roles in promotingeconomic development and income prosperity in Post COVID-19 scenario. All three levels i.e. primary, secondary and higher levels of education are investigated for their current status and pressing need for improvement in identified weak areas has also been elaborated. Education effect on social front, on other hand, is dealt with emphasis on cultural and psychological dimensions that have significantly changed due to COVID-19. The study develops holistic perspective that suggest framework for integration of education at very basic level in order to reap its rich dividends on both economic and social fronts.

The aftermath of COVID-19 can be observed worldwide, and all sectors are equally suffering from this. The education sector across the world is also suffering hampering the process of education. The total lockdown enforced in 42 countries, badly affected the life of the students. Around 1.277 billion students around the world are being affected due to the halt in the education process. As it is said that Change is inevitable, but growth is optional, the outbreak of COVID-19 has taught that. This scenario has proven itself to be a boost to explore the unexplored and pushed every educational institution to equip itself with ICT (Information and Communication Technology). This review highlights how the world is matching steps and finding a solution to every drawback. This review contains the level of dissemination of online education, the steps were taken by Indian and world government to fight this, how effective it has proven so far, and some challenges that have yet to be overcome.

This paper deals with the benefits, trends, developments and opportunities of the digitalization of education and problems arises due to the use of innovations or technology in education. On the more splendid side, by the utilization of innovation in instruction, the educating learning process turns out to be smooth and successful. It decreases the expense of training. The digitalization of training breaks the hindrances of time and separation. In the troublesome season of the COVID19 pandemic, innovation encourages the smooth going of the educating learning process. Innovation in instruction is extremely valuable for understudies, educators, executives, the board, and guardians. On the hazier side, in light of innovation understudies are experiencing numerous physical and mental or psychological issues. In this manner, appropriate rules ought to be given by the service of training to the foundations for the utilization of innovation. The blended methodology ought to be embraced, which is a blend of the advanced instruction framework and the customary training framework.

The article first reveals the theoretical foundations and practical aspects
of the methodological approach to conducting environmental research and their application
to the educational process on the example of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

The article examines the issues of ensuring the activity of students in the pedagogical process on the basis of basic concepts, the formation of the subjects' interest in the studied concepts and the motivation of students to analytical activity in the process of a reflexive approach and the development of reflection in them

The article examines the issues of ensuring the activity of students in the pedagogical process on the basis of basic concepts, the formation of the subjects' interest in the studied concepts and the motivation of students to analytical activity in the process of a reflexive approach and the development of reflection in them.

The growth of slums in cities is deteriorating the urban landscape and creating environmental crisis in the form of spreading of diseases, ill- health, malnutrition and making the city a center of crimes and other evils. The problem of slum growth is not only recognized in the metropolitan or million cities but also in the developing class I cities like Kharagpur. Kharagpur city is the fourth largest city and the fifth most populated city of West Bengal with a total population of  2,07,604 (2011) census in south–western part of Paschim Medinipur District, West Bengal. The objective of the present study is to analyze the educational status of the slum dwellers of Kharagpur city. Education is directly related with income and socio economic conditions. The slum dwellers are suffering from illiteracy and ignorance. This study is based on Primary data collected from 15 slums which included 396 households in Kharagpur city. Secondary data was collected from the Kharagpur Municipality Office, Meteorological Department Kolkata, Survey of India Kolkata, D.M. office of West Medinipur, Census Handbook and District Statistical Handbook etc. The excessive population growth rate, low level of income, illiteracy, lack of availability of proper nutrients are the basic drawbacks among the people living in slum areas. Employment opportunities, expansion of social education, cleanliness, recreational facilities have to be adopted for slum improvement and bettering the wellbeing of the slum dwellers in the city.

The purpose of the integration of educational and research activities in higher education includes the process improving the quality of students in accordance with the educational programs of higher education, to attract students to participate in scientific research with the support of scientific supervisors, and using new knowledge and achievements of science in educational activities. In this article highlighted the issues based on improvement of research competence of students in teaching English language in higher education institutions.

impact of pandemic COVID-19 is being felt in every sector around the world. The rules of engagements are now changed as countries are imposing blanket lockdowns nationwide. India is no exception. Thus schools and colleges are now forced to keep their shutters down as well. The already crumbling education system is now further forced to disintegrate. The technological divide among the urban and the rural, the rich and the poor is now more apparent as schools have adopted online teaching methods via various online platforms. The access to a smartphone varies across the nation and so does the basic literacy of how to operate them. Lack of internet penetration in India is another dilemma since only 50% of the households have an active internet connection. This has forced the current government to reinvent strategies to provide education via mass channels. DIKSHA platform is one such example. It's an online platform primarily for school education. It offers teachers, parents and students engaging learning material relevant to the prescribed school curriculum but requires an active internet connection. To bridge this gap, the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting introduced SWAYAM PRABHA which has 32
DTH TV channels transmitting educational contents on 24/7 basis across the country. These platforms are absolutely free to use. But platforms like these are just a pedestal. Since education is a concurrent subject, states also bear the responsibility of ratifying their educational strategies. Many states are walking down the path of the central government by establishing their own platforms. The government of Nagaland was recently lauded for their education initiative. TV
and Radio education was offered through Doordarshan Kendra Kohima and All India RadiKohima while in the second phase the programme expanded to digital content distribution through a dedicated Youtube Channel. This paper highlights some measures taken byGovernments of Punjab, Haryana and Himachal pradesh in the field of online education. Also challenges faced by these governments are highlighted.

Schoolfailureis a hottopictoday; thatattractsinterestthisindirectlyaffectsprimaryschoolstudents. Theeffectivenessoftheeducationsystemmeansthatit has anequalopportunity. Leavingschoolispresent in academiclife, affectsthesocioeconomicleveloffamilies, thegoalistoidentifywhatelementshinderthedevelopmentofactionstoimprovetheapproved.
Thestudy has a methodologyusing a questionnairewithfour variables, thesamplewascomposedof 130 primaryquarterstudents, thegoalistoknow and identifythedeterminants
ofschoolfailure, analyzingtheacademic performance appliedtostudents. Theresultsindicate: variables havebeenconsideredrelatedtotruancylinkedto individual and familycharacteristics. Conclusionshavebeenreachedthatwe are at a time ofcomplex causes thatshouldnot be exclusivelyfromanacademicperspectiveonly.

Education forms the base of human resource development, which in turn is quintessential for the economic development of a nation. Also, education is a basic right and every individual should have access to it. But, there are wide gaps in the provision of education all over the world. India is no different, as there are noteworthy fissures in the quantity and quality of education with regard to gender, region, religion, caste, etc. Some of its states excel in terms of education and some are just mediocre while still others are laggards. Punjab is one such state, which has shown mere average performance over the years. Though the overall literacy rates have improved over time, but wide discrepancies are still prevalent across the state. Districts in the Doaba region of the state have outperformed districts in the Majha and Malwa regions. This paper attempts to highlight and measure the regional disparities in education in the state of Punjab during 1991 and 2011. The technique of Gini coefficient has been deployed to measure the regional disparity in education. The results show that regional inequality in education is falling in case of male and female (and therefore, total) literacy. But, regional inequality in education is still present and is higher in case of female literacy.

Active aging increases the expectation of healthy existence and quality of life for all people who age, including those who are fragile, physically incapacitated and require care (Salmerón et al., 2014). It is a stage full of positive experiences, with opportunities for participation and health, all aimed at improving the quality of life of the elderly (Flores-Tena, 2020).Research focuses on the goal to understand the causes and factors that influence the active aging process to prevent dependence on older people. The sample of the study wasmade up of 120 people. The conclusions of the study are part of society at this stage preventing dependence through programs that offer to promote active aging.

The aim of this research is to analyse the influence of re-admission policy on education of teenage mothers in Secondary Schools in Malawi. The objective that guided the study were: to determine the material support given to teenage mothers after re-admission, to understand the knowledge and role of teachers on the re-admission policy and its implementation, to find how well teen mothers know about the re-admission policy and the impact of re-admission policy on education of teen mothers. The findings indicate that some head teachers play a role by inviting back girls who dropped out of school because of pregnancy. Most of the teachers know about the readmission policy but has never read it, or know the process of readmission. Most teenage mothers knew about the readmission policy before getting pregnant, either through the radios of friends. There is lack of provision of material support in the policy which is a challenge for the girls who have gone back to school hence leading to drop out. The study used qualitative technique, and face to face interviews were used and audio recorded, which was later transcribed. The study recommends that there is need of material support for the teen mothers’ education and the life of their child. And also, teachers need to be trained on the re admission policy and how to treat the teen mothers in schools.

The article describes the use of information and communication technologies in secondary schools in Uzbekistan. The level of information and communication technologies in secondary schools of Bukhara region is also covered. The problems of non-use of information and communication technologies in teaching and measures to overcome them were discussed. The training provided suggestions and feedback on the benefits of information and communication technologies

The objective of this research is to immediate an efficient strategy, in order to engage in the progression process of Iraqi higher education. The majority of the existing efforts that applied to enhance it, were restricted with the elderly methods of teaching and learning, and did not change the aged traditional framework and methods. The leading objective is to develop our learning methods and reduce the gap with worldwide universities that are progressed and developed learning and education. Executing the MOOCs system, which symbolizes a different appearance by having the qualities of e-learning and lifelong learning, will improve the learning process at the college of Arts at the first university in Iraq, which is the University of Baghdad, and the most significant role is to change it from the procedure of the old traditional learning systems. The plan is to design and perform a complete MOOCs system that competently helps and covers all Iraqi higher education necessities and the UNIVERSITY OF BAGHDAD (COLLEGE of ART), by using the most productive software and methods that minister to our foremost objective. Elameer-Idrus orbital e-education framework was used in the MOOCs designs.

This article discusses how elementary school students are nurtured in the legacy of thinkers in technology classes and feel a sense of national pride, hard work, faith, and conviction. The article also discusses what great scholars have said about hard work, its content, and its relevance today. This article is for teachers and academics who teach technology in all elementary grades.

Art therapy training programs provides students theoretical knowledge about art and psychology, whereas, under practical training students get insight into experimental learning under supervision. The study focuses on the significance of formal education and training in the discipline of art psychotherapy. For data interviews were conducted with five professional art therapists. Questions focused on their personal education, training and their practical experience during art therapy sessions. The interviews have indicated clearly that for the professional use of art therapy formal education and its practical training is mandatory. The stress was laid upon the interdisciplinary nature of therapy where the synchronization of elements of both- psychology and art play a vital role. Amalgamation of theoretical, clinical and experimental studies make them competent art therapists to deal with intellectually and emotionally demanding profession.

Educational administration is key to the realization of educational objectives. It helps in the systematic arrangement of educational resources to attain the set goals of the education. It is unfortunate that educational administration in Nigeria is facing numerous challenges that is preventing it from achieving it objectives. The aim of this article is to discuss the challenges facing administration of education in Nigeria. The article used secondary data which was sourced from print material and online publication. This article identified weak school administrators, lack of data to plan, inadequate funding, inadequate professional teachers, inadequate infrastructural facilities, institutions Corruption and insecurity as challenges preventing effective administration of education in Nigeria. To address the challenges preventing effective educational administration in Nigeria, the following have been recommended: appointment of competent head for educational institutions, increase the funding of education, provide adequate infrastructural facilities, fight institutional corruption, provide adequate security and generate reliable and creditable data for planning education.

The article examines topical problems of improving the quality of education and its key role in achieving the goals of accelerated socio-economic development of Uzbekistan. However, over the years, a huge number of problems have accumulated in the country's educational system, which significantly reduce the prestige and efficiency of the education system. The article reveals the reasons that gave rise to negative trends in the field of education, analyzes the active efforts made by the state to eliminate them, substantiates their inadequacy to solve the acute problems of economic growth in the country. In it, a radical improvement in the quality of education is considered as the most important way to solve the pressing problems of labor migration of the population and employment of the unemployed.

The pandemic of coronavirus has quickly impacted the entire world, and the government has responded with a lock down. The lock down involves shutting of schools and colleges and a shift from traditional classrooms to online classes and e-learning. This has a lot of benefits such as flexible timings, convenience, no commute et cetera. However, these are contradicted by no practical classes, no personal attention from staff and a strayed student teacher relationship. A questionnaire survey consisting of 12 questions was prepared and circulated through an online survey portal among 100 dental students in India. The questions were prepared to analyse the perception of dental students towards online classes. Online classes have changed the education system for the time being. Students are involved in e-learning through online education portals and online platforms, which helps them to efficiently utilise their time. Despite the advantages that online classrooms have, results show that dental students prefer traditional classrooms over them.

The pandemic of coronavirus has quickly impacted the entire world, and the government has responded with a lock down. The lock down involves shutting of schools and colleges and a shift from traditional classrooms to online classes and e-learning. This has a lot of benefits such as flexible timings, convenience, no commute et cetera. However, these are contradicted by no practical classes, no personal attention from staff and a strayed student teacher relationship. A questionnaire survey consisting of 12 questions was prepared and circulated through an online survey portal among 100 dental students in India. The questions were prepared to analyse the perception of dental students towards online classes. Online classes have changed the education system for the time being. Students are involved in e-learning through online education portals and online platforms, which helps them to efficiently utilise their time. Despite the advantages that online classrooms have, results show that dental students prefer traditional classrooms over them.

Socioeconomic status (SES) and literacy level is a major determinant of tobacco use but little is known whether SES affects nicotine dependency or not. Socioeconomic status (SES) is strongly related to smoking behaviour. The association is so strong that smoking is regarded as a marker for deprivation and one can identify disadvantaged groups by simply observing their smoking prevalence. The main objective is to examine the effect of socioeconomic status (SES) on nicotine dependence. A retrospective study was conducted using case records of patients attending private dental college from July 2019- March 2020 . A total of 201 case sheets of patients who had the habit of tobacco use with recorded nicotine dependence score and their income and educational status were retrieved. The study included two measures of SES - education and income using the Modified Kuppuswamy scale(revised version february 2019). Nicotine dependencies are assessed using Fagerstrom nicotine dependence scale. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test was used to analyze the data. More prevalence of literate participants(78.6%) and middle income smokers(<25000) (43.78%) are more prevalent among the study population . No statistically significant association was found between education and nicotine dependence scale(p = 0.750); income and nicotine dependence ( p=0.432) . Chi-square tests were used for association and descriptive statistics were used. Nicotine dependency shows insignificant variations across different indicators of SES- income and education among patients attending private dental college in Chennai.

Technology, actually the application of knowledge on practical skills. Technology has owned the entire world with its accessibility and advancement. This technology had changed the education process not in what to learn but also in the way of learning.It had led to development of education, skills, communication and attitudes towards the future environment. Acquiring knowledge is a process not a product and this process is taken over by technological development. This study aims to create awareness on the impact of technology in knowledge enhancement among college students. It comprises a small population size of 110 participants. A self structured questionnaire involving their personal view on technology and its impact and the awareness they have on technology was distributed to the targeted population. The data were collected, analysed and presented as pie charts. Then arriving at conclusion, technology though possess negative impacts made a greater positive impact on knowledge and education.