European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

 A novel periodontal film for the treatment of periodontitis was developed by using herbal drugs Quercetin and Rutin, it is a plant flavanol from the flavonoid group of polyphenols. It is found in many fruits, vegetables, leaves, seeds and grains; capers and red onions. It has a bitter flavour and is used as an antimicrobial agent and effective against infecting microorganisms in the periodontal pocket.  Periodontal films were prepared by solvent casting technique using Eutragit and HPMC as polymers Dibutyl phthalate as plasticizers and PEG as surface active agent. The patches were cut in 1 cm ²  and placed in desiccator for further  study . In vivo animal study was performed by using Male Albino rabbit (New Zealand rabbit) 8–12 weeks. The operative area was cleaned and periodontal patch of 1cm ² was placed in the gingival sulculus of rabbit’s lower incisors. The gingival crevicular fluid of the lower incisors was then extracted using #30 standardized sterile paper point on 1, 2, 4, 7, 10, and 14hrs.  

Glaucoma is a first rank common cause of irreversible vision loss. It is also
recognized as a neurodegenerative disease which progress with age, results in optic
neuropathy. The exact cause of glaucoma remains unclear although oxidative stress
considered as one of the reasons for cell death in the retinal ganglion cell and retinal
pigment epithelium. Oxidative stress could result after imbalance between formation and
utilization of reactive oxygen species. Current pharmacotherapy of glaucoma includes
lowering down of elevated level of IOP, which is not sufficient enough to retard
irreversible vision loss in some instances. Hence, alternative neuroprotective therapy is
warranted. Polyphenolic compounds possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties and
also show the neuroprotective effect in an experimental model. Amongst the natural
polyphenolic compounds resveratrol, curcumin, rutin, quercetin, myricetin have been
studied and showed potential as neuroprotection against cell apoptosis. Moreover, the extra
supplement of a polyphenolic compound may also improve antioxidant status, which was
underestimated in glaucoma disorder. Despite the potential, the polyphenolic compounds
yet to explore for clinical use in ocular disorder. Hence it is an excellent opportunity for
the future researcher to transform these substances from lab to clinic as neuroprotectants
in glaucoma.

Cancer is one of the major concerns in health and medicine. Studies have been done by previous researches on the medicinal value of flavonoids present in Amaranthus viridis. However, limited claims were available in terms of their anti-proliferative ability against cancer cells. Flavonoid extracts were prepared by semi-purification using ethanol and ethyl acetate. Phytochemical screening using UV-Vis spectrophotometry was used to verify the presence of flavonoids. MTT cytotoxicity assay using MCF-7 breast cancer cells was employed to determine the cytotoxic effect of the plant extract. Four concentrations of the extract of A. viridis leaves were used as treatment to cultured cells. Doxorubicin and DMSO were used as the positive and negative control, respectively. An inhibition concentration (IC50) of 18.33 ug/mL of the extract was reported after the assay, indicating that the administration of the treatment caused the death of the cells as seen when the yellow dye was not reduced into a purple formazan. Statistical analysis on the IC50 of doxorubicin and the A. viridis extract showed significant relationship, which indicated that doxorubicin has a more potent cytotoxic activity, though the extract had promising effects as seen in its IC50 being less than 30 ug/mL. These results can be attributed to the presence of the flavonoid quercetin which has been found out to possess cytotoxic effects against cancer cells. With these findings, a more natural, less toxic, cost-efficient and more readily available treatment regimen can be utilized for the management of cancer.