European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Sternal osteomyelitis incidence is approximately 0.3% of all types of TB (4). Almost 60% of skeletal TB cases involve the spine or weight-bearing joints. Hence the diagnosis sternal osteomyelitis is often not considered. On eliciting the history, patient complained of intermittent low grade fever, night sweats loss of appetite and loss of weight since the past three months. On examination Axillary Lymph nodes were inflamed. Pus culture showed multiple gram positive cocci and but no organism was isolated. ZN staining was negative for Acid Fast Bacilli however in CB- NAAT Mycobacterium TB was detected.

Aim: The devastating consequences of the COVID-19 outbreak have forced security personnel to alter their methods and behaviors. The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge, functioning and future implications  of COVID-19 on the lives of security guards.
Methodology: A cross sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among the 296 security guards of Bhubaneswar city. A 18-item, closed-ended, self-structured questionnaire was designed to gather data. The questionnaire was designed on a 2 point likert scale. Data were analysed using IBM's SPSS version 26.0 for the Social Sciences. The frequency and percentages were used to describe categorical values. Chi-Square test and ANOVA were employed. The level of significance was fixed at 0.05.
 
Results: The majority of participants were between the ages of 31 and 40 (n=132, 44.6%) and that between 13,000 and 15,000 was the average monthly income for the security guards. All the participants were aware about the COVID -19 pandemic and its affect on human body. Sixty three personnel had been detected positive for COVID-19 and none of them used any preventive measures. About 97% of the guards agreed that the pandemic had an influence on their work. Only 3% of the guards had taken on other jobs as a secondary source of income.
Conclusion: Security guards are an essential group of front-line healthcare providers offering additional services in the management of COVID-19.COVID-19 had a great impact on the economic lives of the security guards.

Background: The incidence of prostatic lesions increases with increasing age. The present study was conducted to assess correlation between increasing PSA levels and neoplastic lesions of prostate.
Materials & Methods: 80 patients of prostate pathologies were included. In all patients, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values were recordedusing chemiluminescent assay. Transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) biopsies was fixed in 10% formalin, processed and stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin for histopathological examination.
Results: BPH was seen in 48, HGPIN in 6, LGPIN in 4, prostatitis in 10 and adenocarcinoma in 12 cases. Age group 40-50 years had 12, 2, 2, 2 and 4 cases respectively. Age group 50-60 years had 18, 2, 1, 3 and 2, 60-70 years had 10,1,1,3,3 and >70 years had 8, 1,0,2 and 3 patients respectively. The difference was significant (P< 0.05).PSA 0-7 ng/ml had 32 cases of BPH, 9 cases of prostatitis, 7 cases of HGPIN, 5 cases of LGPIN. 7-14 ng/ml had 6, 2, 3, 1, 14-21 ng/ml had 4, 21-28 ng/ml had 2 cases of BPH and 5 cases of adenocarcinoma and >35 ng/ml had 12 cases of adenocarcinoma respectively. The difference was significant (P< 0.05).
Conclusion: Prostate-specific antigen is specific for prostatic tissue and is raised in both benign and malignant lesions of prostate. In males, benign prostatic hyperplasia is the most common pathology encountered.

Saudi Arabia is considered to be an area of endemic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Among Saudi children, the overall HbsAg carrier rate dropped from 6.7% in 1989 to 0.3% in 1997 after mass HB vaccination program among adults prevalence is 0.22%. The prevalence varied by region, ranging from 0.03% to 0.72% with a mean prevalence of 0.15%.The coverage of hepatitis B vaccination remains low in developing countries to date. Building capacity in hepatitis B virus prevention and management for students is one of the pillars of the national viral hepatitis control strategy. The hepatitis B virus (HBV) is considered a global problem which threatens the public health It may cause chronic infection which develops to liver cirrhosis and leads to death. The population infected with HBV has been found to be about 2 billion people, whereas annually 360 million people getting chronic liver disease and 600 thousand facing death either from chronic liver disease or liver cancer globally. 

Idiopathic orbital inflammation (IOI) is a benign, non-infective clinical syndrome
characterized by inflammation of the orbit without identifiable local or systemic disorders. Orbital
myositis is one classification of IOI and rare in adult male patients. In this article, we report a 41-yearsold
male who presented to the eye clinic with swollen, redness, pain, chemosis, and squints on his left
eye 2 weeks ago. He had a history of recurrent swollen on his left eyelid and self-treated with
methylprednisolone. Visual acuity on right and left eye were 20/25 and 20/30, respectively. The
intraocular pressure on the right and left eyes were 18 mmHg and 24 mmHg, respectively. No
abnormality in the fundus examination. There was a restriction on the left eye movement to all gaze,
and the eye was fixed to the superior temporal direction. Head MRI-scan showed hypertrophy of the
lateral and medial rectus muscles on the left eye without any other abnormality in the intracranial
cavity. The laboratory examination showed leukocytosis, neutrophilia, lymphopenia, normal thyroid
function, low C-Reactive Protein level, and a negative result for the antinuclear antibody test and antids-
DNA test. The patient was diagnosed with myositis of idiopathic orbital inflammation and was
treated with a high dose of methylprednisolone 1 mg/kg BW/day. Two weeks later, the patient had
improvement in his eye movement and the swollen was resolved. The treatment is still ongoing. Finally,
we can conclude that comprehensive evaluation and treatment with high-dose corticosteroid results in a
better outcome in an adult male patient with myositis IOI.

Recently, the prevalence of unstable variants of angina pectoris (NVS) among men at a young age has increased markedly. A significant role in the inflammation of the atherosclerotic plaque, which underlies the pathogenesis of NVS, is assigned to cytokines by the mediator. To date, the role of cytokine gene polymorphism in the development of NVS associated with inflammatory processes has been proven.

The investigation has been undertaken in order to study the study habits of Enginering students and to check whether there is any significant difference in study habits of male and female Engineering students and also to find out whether there is any significant difference in study habits of Engineering students studying in Govt. and private management of Jorhat district. A representative sample of 200 Engineering students for this purpose have been selected by using simple random sampling techniques. Descriptive survey method has been used for the present study. Self made questionnaire made by the investigator was used to collect data. Simple percentage, t-test statistical technique was used to analysis the collected data. It has been found from the study that Engineering students have a good habit of study. They read magazines/journals which is related to their course content and help for the development of their career and also suit their interest. They surf internet for different purpose including educational. They also prefer to read books on various items i,e novel, poem, short stories, books on science and technology etc. The study indicate that female Engineering students acquire good habit of study and the Engineering students studying in private management has a better habit of study than the Engineering students study in Govt. management.