European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Background :   Vigorous growth of cells leads to cancer. Tecoma Stans, a flower which consists of anti - cancer properties. One of such anti - cancer properties is the pro - apoptotic role in melanoma cell line (A-375). This is an in vitro study. The intervention is a hydroethanolic extract of Tecomastans on the melanoma cell line. The gene expressions chosen for this study are P53, caspase 3 and caspase 9. Aim of this study is to assess the pro apoptotic role of Tecomastans in melanoma.
 
Materials and methods : Human skin cancer (A - 375) was brought from NCCS, Pune, India. Cell viability test using MTT assay and Gene expression analysis for P53, caspase 3 and caspase 9 were carried out using MTT and PCR respectively. The results were analyzed using appropriate statistical tools using ANOVA and Duncan’s  test.
 
Results : The study suggestin MTT assay, the percentage of cell viability is observed to decrease on induction of Tecoma Stans.Caspase 9, mRNA  gene expression decreases on induction of dosages 300mg/ml and 400mg/ml of Tecomastans. P53 gene expression increases on induction of dosages 300mg/ml and 400umg/ml of Tecomastans. Caspase 3 gene expression doesn’t show any significance on induction of dosages 300mg/ml and 400mg/ml of Tecomastans.  
 Conclusion : Tecomastans consists of pro apoptotic property which is one of the anti cancer properties in melanoma when acted on the gene expressions P53, caspase 3 and caspase 9.

            In the present study, a 35 kDa D-mannose specific lectin was purified from the flower extract of Ipomoea pes-caprae (IPL) by lactoferrin-Sepharose 4B in the econo column (Bio-Rad). Physico-chemical analysis revealed that lectin was stable the pH ranges from 6.5-9.5 and temperature ranges from 0°C-60°. The lectin was highly specific for rabbit erythrocytes. UV spectral analysis of lectin documented a characteristic peak at 230 nm and FTIR spectrum showed the IR absorption peaks correspond to amide I and II bands, carboxylic and O-H groups in the lectin. Antimicrobial activity of lectin was tested against four Gram positive bacteria, four Gram negative bacteria and four fungal pathogens. It was observed that the lectin was more effective with a maximum zone of inhibition of 22 mm and 19 mm against B. subtilis andA. flavus respectively.Moderate activities were observed against all the bacteria and fungus tested ranging from 12 mm to 18 mm. The IPL lectin was checked for its antiproliferative and cytotoxicity effect against three cancer cell lines and also with normal fibroblast cell line by MTT assay. The result shows MCF-7 was more sensitive to IPL with lowest IC₅₀ value of 161.01 µg/ml and exhibit low toxicity against normal cells with IC₅₀ value of 374.36 µg/ml. As a result, this research opens up new possibilities for lectin pharmacology.

Background: The share of ovalbumin, ovotransferrin, ovomucoid, ovoglobulins, ovomucin, and lysozymes are the main components of albumen protein. 12.5% (w/w) protein can be found in fresh egg whites. The principal proteins in egg white are albumen (water-soluble) and globular proteins (soluble in neutral dilute salt solutions). Biotin, niacin, and riboflavin are water-soluble vitamins that are present in substantial amounts in egg albumen. The major protein present in egg albumen is known as "Ovalbumin" and it is the only protein of egg albumen that contains free SH groups. Albumin is a natural plasma protein synthesized exclusively by the liver at a rate of 9 to 14 g/day in healthy individuals, with a median half-life of about 18 to 19 days. Albumin is catabolized in most organs of the body at a similar rate of about 9 to 14 g/day, by uptake into endocytotic vesicles on the endothelial surface; the final breakdown products are amino acids. Whatever the underlying mechanisms, hypoalbuminemia is associated with worse outcomes including increased complicationsand reduced short-term and longer-term survival in critically ill patients. Conclusion: Egg albumin has multiple physiological effects, including regulation of colloid osmotic pressure (COP), binding and transportation of various substances (for example, drugs, hormones) within the blood, antioxidant properties, nitric oxide modulation, and buffer capabilities, which may be of particular relevance in critically ill patients. It possesses antioxidant, antihypertensive, anti-cancerous properties. It can be used in critically ill patients with involvement of the liver, renal diseases, peripheral edema, cirrhosis, bacterial peritonitis, ascites, etc.

In this report, a series of phenyl tagged isoxazole-benzoxadiazole hybrids 4a–4g
were synthesized by substituting in phenyl ring C4’ with -OCH3, -CH3, -F, -Cl, -Br and C3’
with -NO2. Anticancer potential of 4a–4g on MDA MB-231 human cancer cell line was
evaluated by using MTT assay. The order of anticancer activity of derived hybrids with
phenyl ring substitution is, p-Br>p-Cl, p-F, m-NO2, p-CH3, >p-OCH3, parent hybrid.
Among them, 4g; hybrid with p-Br exhibits highest anticancer behavior. The reported
haptophoric hybrids may provide a useful insight for designing effective chemotherapy
drugs for treating MDA MB 231 cancer cells

To facing the growing need for new drugs, the investigation of medicinal plant continuing. So that in the current study, the antibacterial and antifungal and anticancer effect of H. sabdariffa water extract were  studied. The antibacterial test done against Escherichia coli, streptococcus mutans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa wereit gave  the best inhibition zone 35 mm against E. coli. Furthermore the antifungal activity tested against Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium graminearum and the best inhibition growth activity found against R. solani by 69%. The anticancer activity tested by MTT test against SR (lymphoma) and MCF7 (breast cancer) cell lines, the best cytotoxicity found against MCF7 where it reach 64%. In conclusion, the H. sabdariffa water extract have a promising properties in the discovery new drugs due to its biological activity and its viability worldwide.        

Extracts from natural products, especially plants, have served as a valuable source of diverse molecules in many drug discovery efforts and led to the discovery of several important drugs. Lepidagathis pungens Nees., (L.pungens) is a herb of tropical Asia belonging to the family Acanthaceae. The present study deals with the in vitro anticancer activity of ethanolic extract of L.pungens against L6, Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC), human breast cancer cells ( MCF 7), human cervical cells (He La) and human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (Hep G2). MTT assay was used to assess the in vitro anticancer activity. The extract at various doses were treated against all the cell lines. The parameters analyzed were percentage of cytotoxicity, percentage of cell viability and IC50 values. In results the ethanolic extract of L.pungens showed more potent activity against MCF 7 and EAC cell lines but moderate activity against He La and Hep G2 cell lines. The anticancer nature of the ethanolic extract is due to the presence of phytoconstituents like flavanoids, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, terpenoids, etc. However, further indepth studies are required before final conclusion on the mechanisms involved could be drawn to explain the observed activity. In conclusion, the ethanolic extract of L.pungens possess anticancer activity against various types of cancer cells, correlated to their total phenolic content.

A novel N-(5-oxo-2-phenylimidazolidin-1-yl)-4-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxamide (1) was synthesized using Biginelli reaction at room temperature. The dual heterocyclic compound 1 was characterized using the analytical techniques such as FT-IR, 1H & 13C-NMR, Mass analysis, UV-visible and fluorescent spectroscopic system. The data on charge density was used to explain the characteristics of molecular systems. In addition, in the form of the complete and partial density of states, the HOMO-LUMO energy gap, electrostatic potential map and some quantum chemical insights have been obtained. Furthermore, to demonstrate the possible applications of dihydropyrimidinone 1 in nonlinear optics the polarizability and first hyperpolarizability were measured. Molecular docking is also determined in order to illustrate the overexpression of estrogen receptor in 80 % of 2J9M protein. The compound 1 was subjected for its antioxidant (ABTS) and anticancer activity (DPPH) by in-vitro analyses and found with substantial antioxidant activity.

Thunbergia grandiflora, commonly called blue trumpet vine, sky vine or sky flower belongs to Acanthaceae, which is native in Australia, Central America, the West Indies, Africa, and numerous islands in the Pacific including Hawaii, Fiji, French Polynesia, Palau, and Samoa. In the present investigation, Thunbergia Grandiflora extracts were studied for in-vivo acute toxicity, anticancer and antioxidant activity. According to the toxicity study, 200 and 400mg/kg body weight was selected as dose. In the evaluation of anticancer activity the tumour yield and tumour burden were not detected up to 4th weeks; but in 8th week, observed the formation of tumours and it become maximum in 16th week in all treated groups of mice. In carcinogenic control group of mice maximum tumors activity was observed due to carcinogenic nature but it got decreased after the treatment with sample 1,2,3 and isolated compound. Also, carcinogen increased LPO and reduced SOD, GSH, and catalase in lung homogenate. Extracts significantly reversed the effect of carcinogen on LPO level. The isolated compound was found more effective than the extracts (200 mg/kg an 400 mg/kg) on LPO, SOD, GSH and catalase. Moreover the extract of Thunbergia grandiflora showed down regulated effect on the levels of TNF-α and IL-6.