European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Most recently developed medicines have restricted absorption and pharmacokinetic variability as a result of their lipophilic nature. The objective of this study is to assess and discuss nanoemulgel formulation as a useful delivery technique for medicines that are poorly soluble in water. One of two techniques can be used to incorporate a drug-containing nanoemulsion into a nanoemulgel's gel foundation. This formulation has a lot of benefits as a result of the combination of these two systems. Lipophilic drugs can be easily absorbed and their skin permeability enhanced by the finely dispersed oil droplets that are present in the gel phase. Additionally, it can more precisely target the online action, lessen the user's gastric and systemic intolerances, and save you time by skipping metabolism. This device is a formulation-related intervention that enhances lipophilic drug treatments' absorption and healing profile. Because of their improved patient acceptability, non-greasy, pleasant spreadability, uncomplicated administration, and high therapeutic and safety profile, the use of nanoemulgels has lately increased. Despite their minor disadvantages, nanoemulgel compositions may one day be significant rivals for the topical administration of lipophilic medications.

For the past few decades, there has been a considerable research interest in the area of drug delivery using particulate delivery systems as carriers for small and large molecules. Particulate systems like nanoparticles have been used as a physical approach to alter and improve the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of various types of drug molecules. They have been used in vivo to protect the drug entity in the systemic circulation, restrict access of the drug to the chosen sites and to deliver the drug at a controlled and sustained rate to the site of action. Various polymers have been used in the formulation of nanoparticles for drug delivery research to increase therapeutic benefit, while minimizing side effects. Here, we review various aspects of nanoparticle formulation, characterization, effect of their characteristics and their applications in delivery of drug molecules and therapeutic genes

For the past few decades, there has been a considerable research interest in the area of drug delivery using particulate delivery systems as carriers for small and large molecules. Particulate systems like nanoparticles have been used as a physical approach to alter and improve the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of various types of drug molecules. They have been used in vivo to protect the drug entity in the systemic circulation, restrict access of the drug to the chosen sites and to deliver the drug at a controlled and sustained rate to the site of action. Various polymers have been used in the formulation of nanoparticles for drug delivery research to increase therapeutic benefit, while minimizing side effects. Here, we review various aspects of nanoparticle formulation, characterization, effect of their characteristics and their applications in delivery of drug molecules and therapeutic genes.

Recent development in the synthesis of nanoparticles relies on the use of green chemistry with safe, biocompatible materials to manufacture composites, structures, and formulations based on nano for specific applications. The basic goal of green nanoparticle synthesis is to make use of the element's specific physicochemical and biological properties by linking bioactive from prokaryotes and eukaryotes for applications in various basic and applied science fields. Biogenic methods have the potential to provide advanced strategies for surface/material modification in the increasing carbonaceous materials market.
Garlic is an extensively studied herb known for possessing a wide variety of bioactive. The major proportion of garlic bioactive is organosulfur or thiol based organic compounds that have numerous biological and therapeutic activities and thus target biogenic nanocomponents and formulations for synthesis. There is, however, very scant literature on its use in the agriculture sector. The present review focuses on the synthesis of garlic related nanoparticles and their applications across various scientific fields, and their potential environmental implications when used in agriculture.

Novel nanoparticles were prepared by using Schiff’s reaction, to produce the nanoparticles Schiff bases (II and III) have been prepared by the composite reaction of graphene oxide and hydrazine hydrate with Isatin and Guanine respectively. On Other hand, Nanoparticle graphene oxide (I) was prepared by using Hummer's method that includes addition of graphite to a mixture of sodium nitrate and concentrated sulfuric acid in the presence of oxidizing agents like potassium permanganate and hydrogen peroxide. The biological activity of the synthesized nanocomposite was studied against various positive and negative gram bacteria by the use of Agar well diffusion method on Mueller - Hinton, the results have shown that the Nano Schiff base II has an interesting inhibition activity especially against the Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. On the other hand, Nano Schiff base III has shown moderate activity against Bacillus thyuringiensis at high concentration of 100μL and it exhibits low - zero inhibition activity against other tested bacteria.

Silk fibroin (SF) is generally termed as the protein-based bio-macromolecule, with exceptional biodegradability, biocompatibility, and poor immunogenicity. Because of higher bonding ability for various medicines, controlled release drug delivery properties & mild framework of the research, significant attention has been paid to development of nano-particles that are SF-based for delivery of medicine. SF is generally a protein polymer which is obtained naturally with several unique properties making it an appropriate substance for inclusion within a wide range of delivery-automobiles which has ability of providing several varieties of treatment. The adjusted or retroviral polymers dependent on SF can be designed to improve the medicinal effectiveness of drugs found in this nano substance by modifying the particle size, chemical composition and properties. These were utilized for providing tiny polymers medicines (e.g., medicine for cancer treatment), growth factor medicines & protein, gene drugs, and so on. This paper examines recent developments in Nano-particles focused on SF including chemical composition, structures, and methods of preparation. Additionally, the uses of Nano-particles dependent on SF in form of catalysts of medicines which were studied.

In late 2019, a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2) evolved in Wuhan city of China, which rapidly surfaced across the globe conducing to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The SARS-CoV-2 infection may progress from mild to severe and critically state, however a plethora of cases are either asymptomatic or mild. An excessive release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines delineates the severity of the disease and the condition is called as the cytokine storm. The multiplication of the virus and depletion of T cells up-regulates the macrophages and monocytes to generate the cytokine storm. Tremendous efforts are being made to unearth an effective and efficient therapeutic strategy to contain the pandemic. These attempts are focused on discovering a vaccine, virus elimination, interrupting the virus-host interaction or host modulations and many of them have demonstrated good clinical prognosis. The delivery approach of a potential drug is also pivotal into the bargain. Drug administration off target will not only deteriorate the ability but also delay the mechanism of action of that molecule. Synthetic nanosilicates (Laponite XLG) nanoparticles possesses a dichotic charge that makes them a classic drug carrier for targeted and sustained drug release. However, drug delivery into the lungs using only nanosilicates may be ineffective, as these particles will be cleared off from the pulmonary passage due their Nano size. Therefore, a mucoadhesive polymer like chitosan may serve as a secondary carrier to the drug loaded nanosilicates and can deliver the molecules at the targeted biological site. This nano-in-micro drug delivery system may tailor the therapeutic modality of SARS-CoV-2 infection and establish good clinical outcomes