European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

In this article, the terms of vocational education, specialization, professional activity, vocational training, theoretical education, production education are given in today's education. The main problems of production education are widely covered. Organizational forms of production education are listed. Classifications of production education are listed. Production training was brought to be organized in different places and given to them by stressing in the separate. The general issues of production education have been extensively covered and the ways of solution have been analyzed.

This scientific article deals with the issues of teaching foreign languages in non-philological universities in the period of COVID-19. Nowadays, in the process of foreign language teaching is focused on the solution of current problems, such as the formation and development of professional skills of future professionals in various fields. The peculiarities of foreign language teaching have been studied broadly, and the scientific work of scientists in this area has been analyzed to a certain extent. The importance of professional education in the formation of professional skills of future professionals was also analyzed. Learning reading in a foreign language is a tool for a future specialist to become competitive.

The study on academic optimism was done with consideration to three dimension; teacher sense of self-efficacy, trust in students and parents, and academic emphasis in relation to different demographical differences such as gender, nature of services and qualification of the teachers of secondary school of Bhutan. The researcher used TAO-S set by Wayne K. Hoy et.al. (2010) consisting of 9 items. The sample consists of 308 teachers with equal numbers of male and female teachers working in two district of the country. Researcher used convenient sampling technique to collect the data for this quantitative research. To make the research worthy and relevant the t-test and ANOVA statistical techniques were used. The result shows the insignificant relationship and does support the null hypothesis statements. But in the data generated by the ANOVA and supported post-hoc test, it is found out that their does exist minute differences between B.Ed and PCCE in teacher trust to parents and students which may bring changes to academic optimism. As the overall academic optimism shows strong compliment towards all three demographical dimensions this minute differences is suffice with no differences in all. Thus the growth in academic optimism is at potential and as a result the teachers, students, parents and schools will be equally benefited. Further researcher recommend some of the areas not covered such as salary, types of incentive, age factors and many more that that may contribute a lot for the future study.