European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Background:- Ability to develop multiple drugs resistance and biofilm formation have made Acinetobacter species an important hospital-acquired pathogen and a challenge to their effective management.
Objective:- Through this study we can isolate different Acinetobacter sps. and study their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. Isolated resistant Acinetobacter was further analyzed for the detection of Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), Metallo β-lactamases (MBLs), Carbapenemase production.
Materials and Methods:- Various clinical specimens which were submitted to the Department of Microbiology, Patna Medical College & Hospital, Patna, Bihar were studied for antibiot ic susceptibility testing, detection of ESBL and MBL production by standard microbiologic a l methods.
Results:- The pre-dominant Acinetobacter species isolated was A. calcoaceticus-bauma nnii Complex (Acb complex) 167 (52.1). Among those, all A. species 127 (44.7%) were multidr ug resistant (MDR). In which 12 (4.22%) were ESBL producers and 36 (12.8%) Carbapenemases producers. The majority of A. species were resistant to cefotaxime 72.6% and cefepime 78.4%. Conclusion:- Drug-resistant Acinetobacter formed a substantial proportion of this hospital’s samples. This situation warranted stringent surveillance and adherence to infection prevention and control practices.

Background:Urinary tract infections (UTI) are common in children, with an estimated incidence of 1%–1.5% and 3%–8% in boys and girls, respectively. The present study was conducted to assess urinary tract infections in malnourished children.

The likelihood of contracting an infection while in a hospital depends on a number of factors, including the quality of the hospital's infection prevention measures, the health of the patient, and the prevalence of certain pathogens in the surrounding area. The present study was conducted to find micro-organism in endotracheal tube aspirate and their sensitivity to drugs with patients on mechanical ventilation.
Materials & Methods: 100 patients between the age of 18 to 65 years on mechanical ventilation admitted to department of Medicine, Gandhi Medical College and associated Hamidia Hospital Bhopal were included. Parameter such as system involved, micro-organism in endotracheal tube aspirate and their antibiotic sensitivity was recorded.
Results: The majority of the patients in our study belong to 51-60 (21%) and 61-70 (19%) years of age group followed by more than 70 years (15%),41-50 years (12%0, 31-40 years (12%), 21-30 years (12%) and less than 20 years (9%) of age. Majority of the patients in our study was male (72%) as compared to female (28%). Majority of the patients had neurological system involvement (41.6%) followed by respiratory (21.8%) and gastrointestinal system (21.8%). There were patients who had been involved renal (14.9%), with diabetes (21.8%) and cardiovascular system (3%) involvement. Most common microorganism isolated from culture was Klebsiella O (7%) and Acinetobacter (7%) followed by Pseudomonas (5%), Citro (2%), Klebsiella P (2%), Staphylococcus species (1%) and MRSA (1%) in our study. In terms of antibiotic sensitivity of ET tube aspiration sample, majority of the patients had bacteriological profile resistant to ampicillin (92.3%), nitrofurantoin (92.3%), cefotaxime (88.55), ceftriaxone (84.6%), cefepime (69.2%), gentamicin(69.2%), imipenem (69.2%), meropenem (69.2%), piperacillin and tazobactum (65.4%), ciprofloxacin (61.5%), amoxiclav (65.4%) and amikacin (42.3%).
Conclusion: Majority of the patients had neurological system involvement. Most common microorganism isolated from culture was Klebsiella O and majority of the patients had bacteriological profile resistant to ampicillin

The aim of current study is detect the activity role of Aloe vera and Opuntia ficus extract against certain pathogenic bacteria and evaluation of Aloe vera and O. ficus extract against certain pathogenic bacteria inhibition in vitro. 100 samples were obtained from patients with different diseases at age 6 Mon. to 65 years from both genders. This study was carried out in Lab. of Biology Dept., Science College/Tikrit University, at the period from 1st of June 2019 to end of January 2020. The antimicrobial activity was performed with the agar well diffusion method. The results show the ability of Aloe vera for inhibition of bacteria according on concentration and the concentrations of 100 was caused in inhibitory effect on E. coli, Acinetobacte, S. aureus, S. epidermidis and S. haemolyticus isolates at diameter 13, 12, 11, 9.8 and 15 mm respectively. While, Opuntia ficus extract at 100% concentration was caused in inhibitory effect bacteria isolates at diameter 10, 9.7, 8.2, 7 and 12 mm respectively. The results also show Aloe vera was found to be able for inhibition of bacteria concentration of 40% was caused in inhibitory effect on E. coli, Acinetobacte, S. aureus, S. epidermidis and S. haemolyticus isolates at diameter 14, 12, 11, 9 and 15 mm respectively. While, Opuntia ficus extract at 40% concentration was caused in inhibitory effect bacteria isolates at diameter 11, 10, 8, 7 and 13 mm respectively, while other concentrations 10%, 20, 30% show less inhibitory effect compare with 100% and 40% concentrations