European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Background: The prevalence of renal dysfunction has been reported to vary from 14-50% in
patients with cirrhosis. The prevalence is estimated to be approximately 50% among patients
with cirrhosis and ascites and 20% of patients with advanced cirrhosis admitted to the hospital
3,4. The wide range in prevalence is likely due to different study populations and varying
definitions of renal dysfunction. Patients with HRS who fail to respond to medical therapy or
those with severe renal failure of other etiology may require renal replacement therapy.
Simultaneous liver kidney transplant (SLK) is needed in many of these patients to improve
their post-transplant outcomes. However, the criteria to select patients who would benefit from
SLK transplantation are based on consensus and lack strong evidence to support them. Heath
care system has evolved over the last decade and newer drugs are available for the management
of complication of cirrhosis. We attempt to study its impact on course and outcome of acute
kidney injury. Also few of the patients could possibly be on the antiviral drugs for hepatitis B
and hepatitis C. If these patients are admitted they will be included in study and we would study
the effect of the effect of this drug on acute kidney injury and vice versa. Hence, the present
study was conducted to study clinical profile of patients with acute kidney injury in liver
cirrhosis.

Introduction: In India, there is a high frequency of ALD, with alcohol being responsible for roughly
half of all instances of cirrhosis. However, not everyone who consumes alcohol develops the condition,
and the total chance of acquiring the disease in a person is determined by a number of variables. The
length, amount, and kind of alcohol ingested, as well as nutritional state, comorbid illnesses, sex, race,
and hereditary variables, may all have a role. Multiple investigations on the impact of drinking patterns
in the development of illness have shown conflicting conclusions.
Objectives: Present study aims towards analysing the clinical profile of patients with alcoholic liver
disease. Present study also aims to perform psychiatric screening using CAGE criteria and alcohol use
disorder identification test (AUDIT) scale for assessing the severity of alcohol dependence.
Methods: Present study was a single centric, prospective, observational and hospital-based study. 50
patients with clinical/investigational evidence of alcoholic liver disease were include in study. CAGE
Criteria to screen and alcohol use disorder identification test (AUDIT) scale was used for assessing the
severity of alcohol dependence.
Results: The mean age of the recruited patients was 50.80 ± 12.74 years. Among total 50 patients, 96%
patients were males and 4% of patients were females. Total 26% patients have CAGE score of four, 34%
patients have CAGE score of three, 40% patients have CAGE score of two whereas no patient had a
CAGE score of zero. AUDIT scoring indicate that 96% patients exhibit alcohol dependence, 4% patients
presented with harmful or hazardous drinking levels whereas no patient presented with Low-risk
consumption. A total of 96% patients were alive whereas mortality occurs in 4% patients in present study.
Conclusion: Our findings show a link between the type, amount, and duration of alcohol consumption
and the development of alcoholic liver disease.

Background & Method: The aim of the study is to study the functional involvement of kidney in leprosy patients in terms of Serum Creatinine. 70 Patients of, various  age group ranging  from  5 to 65 years  were studied. out of which 53 patients were male and 17 patients were female. Creatinine reacts with picric acid in alkaline medium and form  orange-red coloured   complex formed , intensity of which is directly proportional  to creatinine in the sample and measured at 520 nm.
 
Result: In 8.57% cases serum creatinine found to be raised and all belongs to MB group. No any patients have raised  serum creatinine in PB group. Maximum number of leprosy patients were found in the age group between 31 to 40 years, in which male were 13 and female were 7, followed by the age group between 21 to 30 years, in which male were 16 and female were 3.  Minimum number of patients found in the age group between 5 to 10.
 
Conclusion: We  reached to the conclusion that in leprosy renal involvement is common and it is more in MB group as compare to PB group, in the form of serum creatinine. In 8.57% cases serum creatinine found to be raised and all belongs to MB group. No any patients have raised  serum creatinine in PB group.
 

Renal cystic disease occurs as a result of cysts of varying sized localized in an enlarged kidney.
It can be classified into different forms such as autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease,
autosomal-recessivepolycystic kidney disease, unilateral renal cystic disease, renal simple cysts,
multicystic dysplastic kidney,pluricystic kidney of the multiple malformation syndromes and
medullary cystic disease. Recent studies showed that there is a relation between inherited cystic
disease and changes in a group of genes involved in the formation and function of bothprimary
cilia of the embryonic node and cilia in epithelial renaltubes. On the other hand, cysts in
acquired conditions occur as a result ofobstructive, stromal–epithelial malinductiveand
neoplastic mechanisms. Moreover, several genetic and acquired renal cystic diseases were found
to be linked to the development of renal cellcarcinoma. There are different approaches to
diagnose various types of renal cysts, while ultrasound and slice imaging are the main tools for
the diagnosis of simple renal cysts, Bosniak classification was selected as the basic method for
the diagnosis of renal cystic masses larger than 1 cm. In the current review we will discuss the
various types of renal cystic diseases and the main diagnostic approaches

In total 60 children were examined, over 22 of mature newborns are born from healthy parents , 20 newborns are born from mothers with OPG-gestosis, and 18 newborns born from mothers with OPG-gestosis combined in chronic pyelonephritis . It was identified that in children with complicated course of disease, inheritability was rarely aggravated, the disease was followed by epiphenomenon , in the main group of newborns were observed a low level of of glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption of acidogenesis, which were
associated by a disproportion of the phospholipid spectrum of erythrocyte membranes due to the increased blood activity and LPO

In total 60 children were examined, over 22 of mature newborns are born from healthy parents , 20 newborns are born from mothers with OPG-gestosis, and 18 newborns born from mothers with OPG-gestosis combined in chronic pyelonephritis . It was identified that in children with complicated course of disease, inheritability was rarely aggravated, the disease was followed by epiphenomenon , in the main group of newborns were observed a low level of of glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption of acidogenesis, which were
associated by a disproportion of the phospholipid spectrum of erythrocyte membranes due to the increased blood activity and LPO.