European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Aim: To study of visual functions with multifocal versus monofocal intraocular lenses after phacoemulsification in patients with age-related cataract.
Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology,Aiims,Patna, Bihar, India, for 18 months Patients between 40-80 years reporting with cataract (less than grade 3), managed by phacoemulsification and willing for implantation of multifocal IOLs and having astigmatism less than 1.5D cylinder were included in the study. Group A underwent phacoemulsification with multifocal [refractive-diffractive design] IOL implantation. Group B underwent phacoemulsification with monofocal IOL implantation
Results: The mean age of the study population in group 1 was 60.8±8.47 year and group 2 was 65.97±8.56 year. The majority of the patients in both the groups were between 55-65 years of age (group 1-42% and group 2-50%). On post-operative day 1, the UCVA was found to be 6/12 in 14 patients (28%), 6/9 in 11patients (22%), 6/18 in 10 patients (20%), 6/24 in 9 patients (18%) while 6/6 in 6 patients (12%) while in monofocal it was 6/9 in 21 patients (42%) and 6/12 in 16 patients (32%) while 6/18 in 7 patients (14%) and 6/6 in 6 patients (12%). At the last follow-up, there were 22 patients (44%) with 6/9 vision, 17 patients (34%) with 6/12, and 11 patients with 6/6 vision while in monofocal group 26 patients (52%) had 6/12 vision, 18 patients (36%) had 6/9 vision while only 6patients (12%) had 6/6 vision. There was no significant change in the near visual acuity in the monofocal group with 37 patients (74%) with N18 visual acuity, 8 patients (16%) with N12 and 2 patient (4%) with N24 visual acuity, thus showing there was paramount statistical significance between the groups with p-value higher than 0.05. In monofocal group at last follow-up 37 patients (74%) had N24 visual acuity, 11 patients (22%) had N18 visual acuity and only 2 patient with N10 visual acuity. Thus, showing there was paramount statistical significance between the groups with p-value higher than 0.05. In the multifocal group (Group 1), on day 1 the mean contrast sensitivity as assessed by the Pelli-robson chart was 1.31±0.39 which was lower as compared to the mean contrast sensitivity in the monofocal group (Group 2) which was 2.22±0.06, thus, the difference between the groups was statistically significant (p=0.001).
Conclusion: Mutifocal IOLs decrease the spectacle dependence of patients without compromising the subjective visual functions