European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the comparative outcomes after cataract surgery in diabetic and non-diabetic patients.
Methods: A prospective study was done to comparison outcome of cataract surgery in 200 diabetics as compared to 200 non-diabetics Within 10 days of cataract surgery, all the patients underwent fasting blood glucose analysis. Recording of the complete intra-surgical and post- surgical complications along with visual acuity was done at 10 days, three month and six months’ time in all the subjects.
Results A total of 100 diabetic patients were included in the study group while another 100 non-diabetic patients comprised of control group. In diabetic group 46(46%) were females and 54(54%) were males. Among the non-diabetics, 55(55%) were males & 45(45%) were females. At 10 days time, the occurrence of Post- surgical visual acuity in diabetic group and non-diabetic group was found to be 0.17 and 0.24 respectively. At three month’s time, the occurrence of Post- surgical visual acuity in the diabetic group and the non-diabetic group was found to be 0.33 and 0.40 respectively. Glycemic control was assessed using fasting blood sugar levels at the time of admission. Of the 100 patients in the diabetic group, 36(36%) had high blood glucose level (FBS: >100mg/dl). Their blood sugar was controlled and they were operated. 64(64%) patients had normal blood sugar levels at the time of examination (70-100mg/dl). Non- significant results were obtained while comparing the mean. Post- surgical visual acuity in between the two study groups at different time intervals (p value > 0.05). Striate keratopathy Was most commonly encountered post- surgical complication in the diabetic group n=30 (15%) and the non-diabetic  group n=9(9%).and followed by  Posterior capsular opacity n=13(13%) and n=7(7%) and Posterior capsular rent 12% and 7% in diabetic and non-diabetic, Pigment dispersion 11% and 8% per in diabetic and non-diabetic patient’s respectively
Conclusion: Small incision cataract surgery in diabetics without diabetic retinopathy yields similar visual outcomes as non-diabetics. There is a higher incidence of post-operative complications among diabetics, which can be managed conservatively.