European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Aim: Evaluation of clinical and laboratory profile of typhoid fever in children.
Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics, Darbhanga Medical College & Hospital, Laheriasarai, Bihar, India for 15 months. Total 150 Children aged below 18 years with history of fever of more than 4-14 days duration were included in this study. In each case, age, sex, presenting complaint, laboratory investigations and antibiotic sensitivity pattern are collected and analysed.
 Results: Out of 150 cases, 95 cases (63.33%) were males and 55 cases (36.67%) were females. The most common symptom was fever (100%), followed by anorexia (61.33%), vomiting (43.33%), pain abdomen (19.33%), diarrhea (7.33%), headache (6.67%), and cough (5.33%). we observed was toxic look in 73.33% of the cases followed by coated tongue in 47.33%, hepatomegaly 42.67%, splenomegaly 21.33%, hepatosplenomegaly in 15.33% of cases and pallor in 4.67% of cases. Anemia found in 32 (21.33%) cases, leucopenia and leucocytosis was observed in 46(30.67%) cases and 28(18.67%) cases respectively. Neutropenia found in 57(38%) cases and neutrophilia was found in 47(31.33%) cases. Eosinopenia was seen in 70(46.67%) cases, eosinophilia in 8(5.33%) cases and thrombocytopenia in 21(14%) cases. SGOT levels was elevated (>200IU/ml) in 18(12%) cases and SGPT (>200IU/ml) in 20(13.33%) cases. All the cases ceftriaxone (95%) and followed by cefixime(93%) , ofloxacin (91%), ciprofloxacin (78%), chloramphenicol (77%), Cefotaxime (74%),amoxicillin (61%) and azithromycin in  (49%). S. typhi was more sensitive to ceftriaxone, cefixime followed by ofloxacin. Least sensitivity was seen with azithromycin.
Conclusion: Fever, malaise, anorexia, vomiting, chills, headache, coated tongue, diarrhea and organomegaly are the common clinical manifestations of enteric fever. Normal to raised leukocyte count is more common, however, neutropenia and eosinopenia may be a prominent finding.