European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Aim: This study was conducted to evaluation of clinic-epidemiological profile and patterns of antibiotic sensitivity of enteric fever cases among paediatric patients.
Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics Jannayak Karpoori Thakur Medical College and Hospital, Madhepura, Bihar, India for 1 year. Total 220 Children aged below 18 years with history of fever of more than 7-10 days duration were included in this study. In each case, age, sex, presenting complaint, laboratory investigations and antibiotic sensitivity pattern are collected and analysed.
Results: Out of 220 cases, 150 cases (68.18%) were males and 70 cases (31.82%) were females. In our study, the most common symptom was fever (100%), followed by anorexia (63.64%), vomiting (44.09%), pain abdomen (20%), diarrhea (10%), headache (9.09%), and cough (5%). The most common sign we observed was toxic look in 75% of the cases followed by coated tongue in 49.09%, hepatomegaly 40.91%, splenomegaly 20.91%, hepatosplenomegaly in 14.55% of cases and pallor in 5.91% of cases. Blood culture positive for Salmonella typhi noted in 44(20%) cases. The most common sensitivity was seen in all the cases ceftriaxone (96%) and followed by cefixime(94%) , ofloxacin (92%), ciprofloxacin (79%), chloramphenicol (78%), Cefotaxime (75%),amoxicillin (62%) and azithromycin in  (50%). S. typhi was more sensitive to ceftriaxone, cefixime followed by ofloxacin. Least sensitivity was seen with azithromycin
Conclusion: Typhoid fever is a multisystem disease with variable clinical presentations. No sign or symptom is specific for its diagnosis which needs correlation with lab investigations which again are not always helpful. Polymicrobial resistance mandates heightened focus on preventive measures.