European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Background:Cavus foot encompasses a wide range of deformities, from a subtle flexible
deformity to severe rigid cavus foot. The prevalence of cavus foot is reported to be 10 to 25% of
the population or as common as flat foot. With increasing awareness of the milder or subtle
cavus, the whole disease entity may be more prevalent. The term “pes cavus” or “cavus foot” is
used to describe a wide spectrum of foot shapes that have an abnormal elevation of the medial
longitudinal arch. High arch of the foot is frequently associated with hindfoot varus, forefoot
adduction and plantar flexion, and ankle equinus. The etiology is most frequently attributed to
the neuromuscular disorders involving brain, spinal cord, or the peripheral nerves. Two thirds
of adults with symptomatic cavus foot have an underlying neurological condition. Among them,
Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease, a hereditary sensory motor neuropathy, is most frequently
reported. The probability of a patient who has bilateral cavovarus feet being diagnosed with
CMT is 78%. The surgical procedures are combinations of bony reconstructions and soft tissue
procedures. As for the joint-sparing corrective osteotomies, calcaneal osteotomy, 1st metatarsal
base dorsiflexion osteotomy (1MTDFO), and midfoot dorsal closing wedge osteotomy at
cuneiform-navicular and cuboid level are considered. As for the soft tissue procedures, mainly
plantar fascia release, Achilles' tendon lengthening, and peroneus longus to brevis tenodesi s
are most frequent surgical procedures performed