European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Background:Vitiligo is an acquired, autoimmune disease characterized by depigmented macules and
patches on the skin, which occur secondary to melanocyte destruction. Focal and segmental vitiligo
patterns involve ≤10% body surface area (BSA) and are considered stable patterns. Generalized
vitiligo typically involves ≥10% BSA, appears bilaterally in a symmetric distribution, and generally
follows a relapsing and remitting disease course. The pathogenesis is complex and involves the
interplay of multiple factors; however, the exact pathogenesis is not well known. In particular, the
autoimmune mechanism is clearly established. Vitiligo may appear at any age and affect both
sexes.Treatment can be challenging, though available modalities of therapy include pharmacologic,
surgical, and phototherapy. Appropriate characterization of vitiligo type, consideration of disease
extent and duration, and efficacy of prior therapies can guide management and maximize treatment
efficacy.Latanoprost was documented to stimulate prostaglandin E2(PGE2) formation, and
repigmentation is likely to be induced in part by endogenous PGE2 which acts as a melanogenic
stimulator.Narrow band UVB rays are one of the safest and most effective therapeutic modalities of
vitiligo. It emits wavelengths between 310 and 315 nm. This specific wavelength is very effective in
vitiligo because it can stimulate the dormant skin melanocytes and also modulate the cutaneous
immune system.