European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Aim: The aim of the present study to determine the role of prophylactic antibiotics in elective surgeries and postoperative surgical infections.
Methods: 110 patients who undergone elective surgical procedures were include in this study. All the cases were elective and patients were healthy and had maintained adequate nutrition. Preoperative workup was done; all the patients were followed from the date of admission till discharge and followed up for 2-4 weeks depending upon various procedures done. Recording of temperature continuously for 72 hours, pain in the operative site, redness, any discharge or collection and drug administration for any complication, checklist use has been associated with improved compliance with antibiotic administration guidelines and significantly lower SSI rate in various global trials. Preoperatively patient-applied chlorhexidine scrub may decrease SSI rate as compared to no bathing. Hair removal is a common preoperative practice. If hair is removed, however electric clipper should be used, razors have been linked to SSI rate.Chlorhexidine scrubs are more effective and long lasting as compared to iodine in decreasing the bacterial count.
Results: Out of 110 operations done by elective procedure males were 61.82% and females were 38.18%, age ranged between 20 years and 58 years. Average age group was between 20 years and 55 years. The most common elective operations procedure done were inguinal hernias (26.36%), followed by hydrocele (19.09%) and fibroadenomas (18.18%) respectively. The least common being thyroid swellings (2.73%). co-morbid condition among elective operations procedure 18.18% of cases had hypertension followed by 6.36% COPD, 5.45% bronchitis, and 2.73% cardiac diseases. out of 110 clean cases 5 (4.55%) patients had developed fever which subsided within 2-3 days, no antibiotic was administered. 7 patients developed fever with serous discharge, out of 5 patients 3 patients showed no growth in culture and sensitivity so no antibiotic was given.
Conclusion: The necessity of antibiotics prophylaxis so as to prevent surgical site infections in cases of elective surgery.