European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Epilepsy is categorized as a prevalent misunderstood chronic neurologic disorder. Epilepsy
episodes occur as a result of abnormal neuronal excitability that was reported to occur due to a
disruption depolarization and repolarization mechanisms. In addition to that, currently there are
numerous studies that attribute idiopathic epilepsy to a genetic factor as it was found that there is
an increased familial incidence of epilepsy. Several studies estimated that around 69 million
people worldwide are diagnosed with epilepsy and it is one of the most common neurological
disorders occurs to children where approximately 150,000 children experience unprovoked
seizure every year, and about 30,000 of them develop epilepsy. Many of these cases
demonstrated some neuropsychiatric comorbidity, which consequently affects the quality of their
lives in a significant manner. Cognitive impairments might be represented as memory problems,
mental defects, and attention impairment, analyzed as the most common comorbid disorders in
epilepsy. Thus, it is important to analyze the factors that contribute to cognitive difficulties.
Many agents was shown to have a debilitating effect on cognitive function in epilepsy such as
the degree of epileptic activity and epilepsy causative factors, psychosocial status of patients in
addition to surgical or therapeutic treatment of seizures.