Abstract

Background: Cirrhosis is a condition that result from chronic liver disease, and is characterized
by advanced fibrosis, scarring, and formation of regenerative nodules leading to architectural
distortion. Patients with cirrhosis are at increased risk of numerous complications that can
occur secondary to portal hypertension, abnormal liver synthetic function, or combination of
both. Portal hypertension (PH) is an increase in portal pressure beyond the threshold of 10
mmHg (clinically significant portal hypertension, CSPH) increases the risk of gastroesophageal
varices (GEVs). Gastroesophageal varices (GEV) are the most relevant porto-systemic
collaterals resulting from clinically significant portal hypertension, for which the presence of
EV is an independent predictor of mortality. Variceal bleeding is one of the most fatal
complications of portal hypertension which caused by rupture of gastric and mainly OV with a
mortality rate of 17% to 57%. Non-invasive predication of varices in cirrhotic patients is useful
as generalized screening of all cirrhotic patients by endoscopy would increase the work load of
endoscopy units.