European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Introduction: Cancer cervix is a common disease in females being most common cancer in women in India and second most common in women all over the world. The incidence of carcinoma cervix is 530,000 and mortality is 275,000. The risk factors related to HPV infection include early age of coitus, multiple sexual partners and low socioeconomic status. Bosch et al (1995) reported that 93% of SCCs and 50% of Adenocarcinomas of cervix are associated with HPV infection. Of all the women infected with HPV, 5-8% progress to SILs (Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions); 3-5% to LSIL (Low grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions) and 1-3% to HSIL (High grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions). 10% of untreated LSILs and 30-40% of untreated HSILs progress to invasive carcinoma.
Aims: to study the type of cervical lesions and their associated risk factors.
Methodology: The present study was carried out on 163 patients attending OPD and IPD of Obstetrics & Gynecology in a government Medical College and Hospital. All patients presenting with complaints like irregular menses, menometrorrhagia, post-coital bleeding, leucorrhea, blood stained or offensive discharge, dyspareunia (symptoms), abnormal discharge, cervical growth, bleeding on touch, etc were included in the study.
Results: Most of the cases of SCC, 54(71.1%) and 3 cases of adenocarcinoma (75%) were in age group 40-60 year. Rest of the cases of SCC, 22(28.9%) were in younger and older age group. Conclusion: premalignant and malignant lesions of cervix are more commonly seen in older age groups, in women with high parity. Regular Pap screening programs and social education can help in reducing the incidence of cancer cervix.