European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Background: Bone marrow is the major hematopoietic organ and is one of the largest organ in human body.¹The causes of bone marrow necrosis (BMN) is varied & diverse. Among these cases, hematopoietic malignancy is the commonest. As it is a potential target organ of various disorders, the examination of blood and bone marrow becomes one of the important component for the evaluation of certain disorders.¹ It is a rare finding accounting for about 0.3 to 2.2%^2,3. Bone marrow necrosis is defined as  necrosis of the medullary stroma and myeloid tissues in large areas of the hematopoietic bone marrow (BM), leaving an amorphous eosinophilic background, poorly defined necrotic cells and preserved cortical bone.⁴
Objectives: The objective wasto highlight these rare phenomenon of bone marrow necrosisand to analyse the underlying disease producing bone marrow necrosis.
Methods: All cases of bone marrow examination performed in the Pathology Department, JNIMS, Imphal Manipur where analysed during the four years period starting  from 1^st November 2017 to 30 November 2021. The clinical details and other parameters of all the cases were traced retrospectively from hospital record section. Archived bone marrow aspirate smears and biopsy sections were reviewed whenever required.
Result: A total of 346 bone marrow aspirations were performed in the department of Pathology during the study period. Five cases of bone marrow necrosis were detected producing a prevalence of 1.4%.
Conclusion: In our series of five cases, 2 cases (40%) of acute myeloid leukemia, 1 case (20%) of MDS-EB II, 1 case (20%) of disseminated tuberculosis and 1 case (20%) of hepatits B viral infection were included. To conclude, in cases of bone marrow necrosis, further investigations including ancillary techniques are strongly suggested to come to conclusive diagnosis as the causes of bone marrow necrosis vary from patient to patient.