European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Aim: To determine parenchymal thyroid diseases using Ultrasonography (USG) in adult
patients.
Methodology: This study was conducted in the department of Radio-diagnosis, Maharishi
Markandeshwar University, Solan. It comprised of 75 adult patients age ranged 21-70 years
of age. All patients were well informed regarding the study and their consent was obtained.
Particulars such as name, age, gender was recorded in case history proforma. A thorough
clinical examination was performed in all patients. Patients were divided into five groups
such as group I (normal); group II had first detected, early untreated Hashimoto disease (EH);
group III comprised of chronic Hashimoto patients that are under treatment and/or follow up
(H); group IV had multinodular parenchymal hyperplasia (M)and group V had nodular
hyperplasia with Hashimoto (HM). All examinations were performed with the patient in a
supine position with the neck hyperextended. We calculated the thyroid volume with an
automated formula (length £ width £ depth £ 0.52). We categorized the thyroid gland
echogenicity as hypoechoic, isoechoic or hyperechoic relative to the cricoid cartilage. We
evaluated the parenchyma for the presence of nodules, as well as the visibility of tiny
echogenic reticulations.
Results: Out of 75 cases, 35 (46.7%) were males and 40 (53.3%) were females. Each group
included 15 patients each. Mean RI in group I was 0.53, in group II was 0.54, in group III was
0.40, in group IV was 0.49 and in group V was 0.51. Mean AT in group I was 26.0, in group
II was 25.5, in group III was 71.1, in group IV was 46.6 and in group V was 44.8. Mean
SWV in group I was 1.57, in group II was 1.69, in group III was 1.14, in group IV was 1.47
and in group V was 1.60. The difference was significant (P< 0.05).
Conclusion: Real-time ultrasonography can be helpful for accurately diagnosing TD and
ultrasound finding of two or more TD features has good diagnostic accuracy