European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Gestational diabetes is defined as “carbohydrate intolerance of variables everity with onset or first recognition during pregnancy irrespective of the treatment with diet or insulin”. The prevalence of GDM in India varies from 3.8 to 21% in different parts of the country. Clinical recognition of GDM is important because timely intervention can reduce the well-described associated maternal and fetal complications.
The study was conducted at Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Ayaan Institute of Medical Sciences, Kanakamamidi, Telangana conducted with sample size of 400. All the antenatal women attending outpatient department during the study period are included as per the Inclusion & Exclusion criteria.
400 women had undergone 75grams OGTT test at 24weeks of gestational age and were followed up till 7days of postpartum for maternal and fetal outcome. In initial screening, 19 women had GDM out of 400 women accounting for 4.7%. After rescreening in 183 high risk women for GDM, 2 had GDM out of accounting for 1%. Out of 400 cases, 21 had GDM. GDM incidence was 5.2% using the DIPSI method. There was significant correlation between age>26 years and GDM. Incidence of GDM among primigravidawas5% and among multigravida was 5.4%. There was no significant correlation between gravida and incidence of GDM. Number of women who had pregnancy complications likegest. HTN, polyhydramnios, preterm labour, PPH in GDM group were 6(28.5%), 3(14.2%), 3(14.2%), 3(14.2%), Where as in the non GDM women number of women having these complications were 27(7.1%), 10(2.6%), 17(4.4%), 15(3.9%). There was a significant correlation between GDM and developing pregnancy complications.
Some of the local factors contributing to this high incidence are poverty and ignorance. Peopleare usually not aware of the nutritional and caloric values of food and its implication on body weight and health.