European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Background: Preoperative diagnosis of coronary ostial deformities is also very crucial
in congenital heart diseases such as Fallot’s tetralogy and transposition of arterial
supply. Anatomical understanding of coronary orifices may reduce invasive procedure
morbidity and mortality.The study's objectives were:1) Measure the diameters of the
coronary ostia and coronary artery roots. 2) Measure the distance between the coronary
ostia and the aortic sinus.3)To measure the distance of coronary ostia to the
commissures of aortic leaflets. 4) To examine the relationship between the coronary
ostia and the sinotubular junction.5) Note any accessory or single ostia.
Materials and Methods: The present investigation used 40 human cadaver hearts frozen
with 10% formalin from Govt Medical College, SuryapetTelngana and Viswa Bharathi
Medical College, Kurnool, AP, India.The diameters of the coronary ostia and coronary
artery roots were measured, as well as the distance between the ostia and the aortic
leaflet commissures.
Results: The mean diameter of the left coronary ostium was statistically bigger than the
right coronary ostium. The mean distance of the right coronary ostium from the aortic
sinus was significantly higher than the left.It has deviated to the right commissure
towards right posterior aortic sinus, and the left coronary ostium approximately to the
centre. The diameter of coronary arteries decreased significantly from the ostia to the
roots. From left coronary ostium to artery root, the mean diameter decreased. Most of
the time, the right coronary ostium was below the sinotubular junction, whereas the left
was at the junction. Anterior aortic sinus has many coronary orifices, with one (2.5%)
specimen having triple ostia. Left posterior aortic sinus was the origin of one right
coronary.
Conclusion: The findings of this study contribute to the body of knowledge already
available on the morphology and topography of coronary ostia.This highlights the need
of analyzing the diameter variations of coronary ostia and roots, their relations to
sinotubular junction and aortic commissures, as well as looking for various orifices. As
inability to recognise can cause issues during angiography.