Abstract

Background: Aspiration pneumonia and pneumonia are the most common cause of ARDS in direct lung injury whereas sepsis is the most common cause of ARDS in Indirect lung injury. The aim of this study to assess the clinic-etiological profile and prognostic indicators in critically ill patients who develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in medical intensive care unit.
Materials& Methods: A hospital based prospective study done on 50 ARDS patients those were admitted in the medical ICU over a period of one year at SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. Baseline characteristics including comorbidities, routine investigations, initial SOFA Scores & APACHE II (Acute Physiology & Chronic Health Evaluation) score was evaluated. Descriptive & Statistical analysis and interpretation of the data collected is done by using SPSS version 22.0 with mean and standard deviations computed.
Results: Among 50 patients, 27 patients represent the male group and 23 patients represent the female group. Diabetes mellitus (36%) and SHT (20%) having a higher prevalence. Breathlessness and fever were the most common symptoms. Gender comparison of mean Fio2/Pao2 ratio, MAP, Initial SOFA and APACHE II scores are shown in table 4 showing a higher Fio2 requirement in female group when compared to the male group and more or less equal with the remaining variables. The mean duration of hospital stay was longer in the female group when compared to the male group (table 4). The mortality rate in our study was 16.0% (8 patients).
Conclusion: The incidence of ARDS studies in India are very few and lacking. Early identification and etiology work up for ARDS with timely administration of antibiotics/ antivirals or antimalarial drugs is necessary for the improvement in survival rates in view of increased morbidity and mortality associated with ARDS.