A Morphological Study of Retromolar Foramen and its Clinical Relevance in Human Dry Mandible
European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine,
2022, Volume 9, Issue 3, Pages 2302-2307
Abstract
Background: Multiple accessory canals may emerge from themandibular canalrunning almost parallel to it. These canalstransmit the branches of inferior alveolar neurovascular bundle supplying the mandibular area. Retromolar canal is formed when one of these accessory canals extends antero-superiorly within the mandible and finally emerges through a single or multiple foramina into the retromolar fossa. This foramen is called retromolar foramen. At times, this area is important for the clinicians during mandibular surgeries and anesthetic procedures so, it is important to determine the exact location of retromolar foramen.Materials & Methods: 100 dried adult human mandible (58 male and 42 female) were included in the present study. All the mandibles were examined for the presence of retromolar foramen. In the mandible where foramina were noticed, we measured the distance of foraminafrom three landmarks namely, posterior border of socket of third molar tooth, anterior border of ramus of mandible and lingual. We also measured the boundaries of the retromolar trigone.
Results: Out of 100 mandibles, retromolar foramen was found in 21% (8% in male and 13% in female). Retromolar foramen was observed in 6% on right side, 5% on left side and 10% bilaterally. The minimum distance of retromolar foramen from various landmarks was found to be more on left side.
Conclusion: We concluded that the retromolar foramen is not a rare variation. This area should be regarded as an important landmark for various surgical and anesthetic procedures.
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