Spectrum of histopathological lesions in the prostate and their correlation with serum prostate specific antigen levels
European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine,
2022, Volume 9, Issue 3, Pages 2694-2703
Abstract
Background: Diseases affecting the prostate include benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), non-specific inflammatory conditions and malignancy of the prostate, are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality among ageing male patients.This study was done to study the histopathological spectrum of prostatic lesions, classify them and to correlate them with free serum PSA levels.Material and methods:The sample size was 302. Collected data was analyzed with descriptive statistics followed by chi- square test.Tests were used to analyze the sensitivity, specificity and overall accuracy of serum PSA levels in diagnosing benign and malignant prostatic lesions. p value was calculated and considered statistically significant when p value was less than 0.005.
Results:Majority of the benign lesions had serum PSA in the range of 0-4 ng/ml.About 21% had modest elevation in serum PSA.Majority of the malignant lesions had highly elevated serum PSA levels.BPH-Less than half of the cases showed epithelial and stromal hyperplasia without prostatitis.PIN- 2 had a histology of low grade PIN and 1 had high grade PIN. Adenocarcinoma: Majority of the lesions showed discrete glandular pattern.Gleason score of 7 was the commonest pattern. The sensitivity and specificity of serum PSA in benign lesions was found to be 62% and 95% respectively and in malignant lesions was 95% and 62% respectively.
Conclusion: It was concluded that PSA cut off value >4ng/ml is a diagnostic tool for detection of adenocarcinoma prostate.
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